Weight gain during pregnancy by week. Weight gain and dietary guidelines for weight loss during pregnancy

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A small miracle already lives in your tummy - a future baby. And so I want to quickly go through 9 months, study the calendar of pregnant women in order to find out my little babies! And you, like every future mother, imagine him: what does he look like, and what will be the color of his eyes, and in general is it a boy or a girl? It is important to monitor your health and body weight, because too little and too much can hurt both mom and baby. Pregnancy weight gain chart will be a good help for self-control!

Weight gain calculator and table

Weight gain calculator

Weight Growth Chart Calculation for weight: 55kg, height: 165cm.

Optimal weight for this period:

Increase for this period:

Week number	Increase, kg.	Mother's weight, kg.	Height and weight of the fetus
2 week	0.5	55.5
4 week	0.7	55.7	height: 1 mm, weight: 0.5 g
6 week	1	56	height: 2-4 mm, weight: 0.7 g
8 week	1.2	56.2	height: 1.6 cm, weight: 1 g
10 week	1.3	56.3	height: 3.1 cm, weight: 4 g
12 week	1.5	56.5	height: 5.4 cm, weight: 14 g
14 week	1.9	56.9	height: 8.7 cm, weight: 43 g
16 week	2.3	57.3	height: 11.6 cm, weight: 100 g
18 week	3.6	58.6	height: 14.2 cm, weight: 190 g
20 week	4.8	59.8	height: 16.4 cm, weight: 300 g
22 week	5.7	60.7	height: 27.8 cm, weight: 430 g
24 week	6.4	61.4	height: 30 cm, weight: 600 g
26 week	7.7	62.7	height: 36 cm, weight: 760 g
28 week	8.2	63.2	height: 38 cm, weight: 1 kg
30 week	9.1	64.1	height: 40 cm, weight: 1 kg 300 g
32 week	10	65	height: 42.4 cm, weight: 1 kg 700 g
34 week	10.9	65.9	height: 45 cm, weight: 2 kg 150 g
Week 36	11.8	66.8	height: 47.5 cm, weight: 2 kg 600 g
38 week	12.7	67.7	height: 50 cm, weight: 3 kg 100 g
40 week	13.6	68.6	height: 51.5 cm, weight: 3 kg 400 g

Why is the rate of increase so important?

Why is pregnancy weight gain so important? A pregnant woman is like a small child: she becomes emotionally sensitive, insecure and trusting. Everyone around is saying that good nutrition and an increase in portions are needed not by the expectant mother, but by the child growing inside her. Relatives and girlfriends vying with each other to treat them to tasty, and as a result - going beyond the norm and a forced safe diet.

Gaining extra pounds is not always provoked by appetite. There can be many reasons: stagnation of excess water in the body (swelling), a sedentary lifestyle at the beginning of pregnancy, a pathological tendency to be overweight, a difficult transition period. In any case, a woman should independently worry about the health of the child and herself!

The rate of weight gain during pregnancy was not developed in vain, because excess weight is a sign of pathology, it does not benefit a pregnant woman for the following reasons:

1. Diabetes of pregnant women, late toxicosis.
2. With an increase in the term and, accordingly, the tummy, it will be difficult for mommy to walk, shortness of breath is possible.
3. Varicose veins, spider veins on the face.
4. Dysfunction of the endocrine and cardiovascular systems.
5. Strong stress on the spine and internal organs.
6. Increased cholesterol.
7. Failure to comply with the rate of weight gain during pregnancy in the 1st trimester is the threat of miscarriage, and in the late one - the threat of premature birth.
8. The birth of a large baby (more than 4–4.5 kg), which is especially dangerous for women in labor with a narrow pelvis.

But being overweight is a potential danger to your baby:

1. Oxygen starvation.
2. Nutrient Deficiency.
3. Difficulties in determining the condition of the baby and his gender by ultrasound due to the layer of subcutaneous fat.

Don't worry, weight gain is not uncommon in pregnant women, unpleasant, but not too scary. To avoid these troubles, you can stick to the basics of a healthy diet, move more and breathe fresh air. And once a week, use the pregnancy weight gain calculator.

How to control kilograms during pregnancy by months: the myth of increased portions

"Calculate your weight during pregnancy" - it just sounds scary, in fact, this is the usual proper nutrition with a full set of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. There is an opinion that a pregnant woman needs a large amount of high-calorie and often unhealthy food, because the second is for the baby. This is a myth, and the baby living in your tummy needs nutrients and a few calories.

Until the end of the first trimester, the expectant mother adds 200 kcal to her menu by months, during the 2nd trimester - 300, weight gain in the third trimester is already adding 340-360 kcal. For example, it is not difficult to calculate the weight gain during pregnancy: in the second trimester, to ensure the baby, you need to add a glass of juice and a few apples to the diet. Of course, without giving up your menu.

Why is there an increase in weight during each week, and how to calculate the weight of a pregnant woman?

From the first days of pregnancy, your body weight begins to slowly increase. In the first trimester, the increase is insignificant, in the second and third, the number of gained kilograms increases. The set of kilograms depends on the following factors:

1. Mom's height and weight before pregnancy.
2. Deadline.
3. The age period of a woman, the older, the greater the likelihood of an unplanned set of kilograms.
4. The problem of toxicosis a woman does not gain weight, but, on the contrary, loses it. But do not rejoice, in the next two trimesters the body will try to compensate for the losses.
5. With multiple pregnancies, weight gain is more intense, but in this case, you should also adhere to the norms. After all, the danger of premature birth is increasing!

Despite all this, the rate of weight gain during pregnancy is a relative thing. A thin girl who has never suffered from extra pounds can gain 20 kg during pregnancy, and a plump girl, on the contrary, will leave the hospital with a cane.

Note that the normal average weight gain during pregnancy is an acceptable indicator of 9-12 kg. And the lower the BMI, the greater the increase will be while waiting for the baby. A woman's body is a smart mechanism, with the onset of pregnancy, which knows what to do.

How does an online calculator calculate the normal weight of a pregnant woman?

The calculator calculates the rate of weight gain during pregnancy according to the table. This is a table that allows you to compare parameters and determine the rate. After all, weight gain during pregnancy by weeks proceeds smoothly due to such changes:

1. The uterus is growing, by the end of pregnancy it will increase by 600 g.
2. Chest 500 g.
3. Blood volume +1.2 liters.
4. Tissue fluids, amniotic fluid and placenta are about 4.5 kg more.
5. The average weight of the unborn child is 3.3 kg.

It is very simple to calculate weight for any pregnancy: we already get 10 kg, here it is worth adding a natural weight gain of pregnant women due to a protective fat layer of 1.5-2 kg 12 kg - this is the correct rate of weight gain during pregnancy. We can say that weight gain during pregnancy in the third trimester is the most significant, and it is 60% of the norm.

Pregnancy weight gain table by week for expecting twins

Weight gain during pregnancy with twins is +4 kg to the norm. That is, weight gain during a long-awaited twin pregnancy is 16-17 kg on schedule. In anticipation of twins, women add 17 kg, and this is justified, because two babies weigh more than one.

Weighing and weight gain: identifying overweight

Weighing is the monitoring of excess weight gain in pregnant women by week. It is weighing that becomes a daily ritual that allows you to keep the situation under control for weeks. How much did you gain, how much is left to gain in weeks, how much do you need to add or lose a kilogram?

Is it possible to lose weight during pregnancy?

Multiple or singleton pregnancies are in themselves a contraindication to diet. It is easier to replace harmful sweets with fruits than to equalize the normal rate later - this is the best diet option for excessive weight gain in pregnant women.

Tips from the Childhood Sputnik website: healthy and low-calorie foods

Focus on the vitamin and nutritional component of your diet, it should be dominated by:

1. In the diet of the future mother, protein is always present - this is milk and dairy products, meat, eggs.
2. Phosphorus, which is obtained from fish and seafood.
3. Hemoglobin, especially fish roe and pomegranates, are valuable for this substance.
4. Fiber from porridge and fresh fruits.

What proportion of this or that product should be included in the daily menu? The calculation is simple: 100 g of protein, 60 g of fat and 15 g of carbohydrates. Such a menu will allow you to keep your figure even while carrying a baby! Combine the minimum set of nutrients from food with the intake of vitamins prescribed by your doctor.

What if weight gain for pregnant women is now my constant weight?

Many expectant mothers are worried that after childbirth, body weight will remain at the same level, and the woman will have to do the port or go on a diet. Do not worry - this is temporary, and every week after giving birth will bring a plumb line in kilograms pleasant for your soul. Taking care of a newborn will definitely help you lose weight!

There is more that when breastfeeding about all sorts of excesses like marmalade, chocolate, coffee, you will temporarily have to forget.

As we said, don't worry, because weight gain happens quite often in pregnant women. When using the pregnancy weight gain calculator, remember that all calculations are based on average data! In case of doubt, anxiety or unsatisfactory performance, we recommend that you contact your doctor.

Use our pregnancy weight calculator and enjoy every minute while waiting for your baby. Take care of your health, expect the last months of pregnancy, enjoy the first meeting with your baby. After all, having received it in your hands, there will be no time to calculate weight during pregnancy, take care of yourself - your whole life will focus on a small, hungry and such a dear person whom you still have to know!

The body of any pregnant woman undergoes a number of important changes that help to bear, and then safely give birth to a healthy and fully developed child. The first trimester is easy for almost everyone, and many notice that they “bloom” during this period.

Hair gets shine, nails grow quickly, and skin is radiant. For this "pregnant" beauty you need to thank. They are also involved in less pleasant changes, for example, excessive sensitivity or an uncontrolled desire to consume food incompatible in taste in large quantities.

Unfortunately, excess weight becomes a frequent companion for expectant mothers. After all, many pregnant women lack food control. In addition, the majority reassures themselves that if they want it, then it is so necessary for the child's body.

With normal (not complicated), by its end, the body weight increases by about 10-15 kilograms, everything that is higher than these indicators is superfluous. As you know, being overweight leads to serious health problems that cause a lot of trouble.

Weight gain during pregnancy

How many women gain a kilogram for the entire pregnancy, with its normal course, we indicated above. Let's talk in more detail about these numbers and what affects them. To begin with, we note that weight gain depends on many individual indicators of the expectant mother. Moreover, it does not increase immediately.

Therefore, if you are tormented by the question "why am I not gaining weight?", And the term of your interesting position is only a few months, then be calm, everything is going according to plan. The first trimester is like an introductory period, during which the body of a pregnant woman is just beginning to rebuild and prepare for subsequent changes.

After all, the future baby has just begun to grow and develop. Therefore, you should not worry about how to gain the missing pounds. After all, there are still no visible changes and cannot be, there are only maternal sensations.

It happens that the opposite picture is observed, and the woman loses weight. This is typical for those who cannot eat as they used to. But this should pass over time, otherwise medical attention is required.

Many people mistakenly believe that weight increases during pregnancy just because it goes intrauterine development of the fetus ... However, this is not true, since in addition to the child himself, the internal organs of the woman also increase in size, which gives a certain gain.

Baby weight table by week of pregnancy

To clearly illustrate the statement that weight gain depends not only on the increase in the size of the baby, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the norms of fetal weight by week of pregnancy, presented in the table below.

Term, weeks	Weight, grams	Height, centimeters
11	7	4,1
12	14	5,4
13	23	7,4
14	43	8,7
15	70	10,1
16	100	11,5
17	140	13
18	190	14,2
19	240	15,3
20	300	25,8
21	360	26,7
22	430	27,8
23	500	28,9
24	600	30
25	670	34,6
26	760	35,6
27	875	36,6
28	1000	37,6
29	1150	38,6
30	1320	39,9
31	1500	41,1
32	1700	42,4
33	1900	43,8
34	2150	45
35	2380	46,2
36	2500	47,4
37	2800	48,6
38	3000	49,8
39	3300	50,7
40	3400	51,2

As you can see from this table, the height and weight of the child increases gradually over the weeks. Ultrasound or measurements of the standing height of the uterus and abdominal circumference at a later date help to calculate these indicators. You can measure the unborn child as early as the fifth week of his intrauterine life. The child begins to grow intensively only in the middle of the second trimester, for example, the fetal weight norm at 20 weeks of pregnancy is 300 grams, and by 28 it increases more than three times (1000 grams).

The development of the child, first of all, depends on how well the placenta nourishes him, the organ that is responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen to the child's body from the mother. In addition, amniotic fluid plays an important role, i.e. amniatic fluid in which the fetus is located until the moment of birth.

Table of the amount of amniotic fluid by week

If the doctor records abnormalities in fetal weight by weeks or there are signs of insufficient intrauterine development, then the reasons for this may be:

• poor or unbalanced nutrition of the mother;
• chronic diseases;
• constant stress;
• bad habits;
• genetic failure.

Weight gain during pregnancy by week

It is believed that the average rate of weight gain during pregnancy is 250-300 grams per week or one kilogram per month. In the third trimester, the child grows at an accelerated pace and an increase of 400 grams per week is considered normal. This is where the previously designated 10-15 kilograms or 16-21 kilograms for twins in nine months come out.

It is on this average rate of weight gain during pregnancy by week that doctors are guided. If the body weight significantly exceeds or, on the contrary, does not reach the average indicators, then the gynecologist will look for the reason in the patient's health. The optimal situation is when the weight increases gradually as the fetus develops.

Insufficient weight gain may be associated with toxicosis or a poor diet of a woman, which leads to delays in the development of the child, because he does not receive important nutrients from food. Normal weight in newborns should be in the range of 2.5-4.5 kilograms.

Children with less weight are at risk of getting congenital anomalies of mental and physical development. In addition, nutritional deficiencies negatively affect the health of the mother, thus increasing the risk of premature birth or early miscarriage.

Excess weight is dangerous for possible and. In addition, it affects blood pressure , promotes the development of late toxicosis , leads to fetal hypoxia , as well as premature aging of the placenta (tissue that feeds the baby). It happens that a lot of weight is a consequence of hidden or explicit edema due to a malfunction of the urinary system.

Fluid accumulates in organs and tissues, resulting in edema. And this is a good reason for seeking medical help, because this condition is fraught with the development of renal hydronephrosis and late toxicosis.

Weight is considered overweight if you gain:

• in any trimester over two kilograms per week;
• for the first trimester over four kilograms;
• for the second trimester over four and a half kilograms;
• in the third trimester over eight hundred grams per week.

Let's talk about how much you can gain and how to calculate the optimal weight gain. To find out your norm, i.e. For a "healthy" gain, you first need to calculate such an indicator as BMI (full name - body mass index), which is calculated by the formula I \u003d m / h2.

Where m Is the weight in kilograms, and hIs the height squared in meters. For example, your weight is 60 kilograms and your height is 1.7 meters. It turns out that BMI \u003d 60 / (1.7 * 1.7) \u003d 20.76. The weight gain table below shows the optimal weight indicators, taking into account the body mass index.

As you can see, the initial weight of women has the greatest influence on how much kg they gain by the end of pregnancy. Skinny ones gain weight faster and immediately, which, in principle, will be within the norm for them. Another thing is the weight of fat mothers, which will have to be constantly monitored.

The age of the pregnant woman is also important. The thing is that as you age, a person becomes prone to overweight. At a younger age, the fight against extra pounds is much easier. Body type is another thing to consider.

Moms of the asthenic type, i.e. those who are not overweight become "visually pregnant" faster. In contrast to them, the interesting position of women of the hypersthenic type, i.e. prone to overweight is visible only when the stomach begins to protrude strongly.

According to statistics, in the first trimester, a woman adds 0.2 kilograms every day. However, these are highly average indicators, since it is during this period that many are tormented by severe toxicosis. It is believed that the first half of pregnancy accounts for only 40% of weight gain.

More intense weight gain occurs in the second trimester. This is the "golden time" when everything in the body settles down, hormones do not rage and new forces come. Toxicosis recedes and now you can eat for two. The lion's share of the weight gain occurs precisely during this period of pregnancy.

The weekly weight gain calendar is a guideline that doctors rely on when examining pregnant women. The expectant mother herself must exercise control over body weight, so that if necessary, make adjustments to her lifestyle and diet. To do this, you need a scale and a notebook in which you can keep records.

It is enough to weigh yourself once a week in the morning on an empty stomach, having previously emptied the bladder and intestines. For accurate measurements, it is best to take off your clothes or stay in your underwear.

How to calculate pregnancy weight by week?

Calculating weight gain during pregnancy is not difficult and it is quite possible to do it yourself. In addition, you can resort to using special programs. They are freely available on the Internet and for convenience you can install them on your smartphone.

Body weight increases gradually and depends on many individual factors that must be taken into account when calculating. As we said earlier, in the first trimester, a situation in which the weight increases by 1-3 kilograms is considered normal, but in the case of severe toxicosis, a woman can lose weight.

Starting from the second trimester, you can determine the individual weight gain using the following formula: multiply the height in meters (throw off the comma) by 22 grams. Calculation example: a pregnant woman's height 1.60 meters means 16 x 22 \u003d 352 grams. This is the optimal weekly weight gain.

To make it easier for yourself and get rid of mathematical calculations, you can resort to help pregnancy weight gain calculator by week ... Using such a program is really easy, fast and convenient. You just need to drive in the indicators necessary for the calculation - height, weight before pregnancy, current body weight at the time of calculations and gestational age in weeks. The calculator itself will calculate the body mass index (abbreviated as BMI), draw up a graph of weight gain during pregnancy and make a forecast for an increase by the 9th month.

If your result is on the normal line on the chart, then there is no cause for concern. And if higher or lower, then your weight deviates from healthy indicators and there is an excess of it, or vice versa, a deficit. This should not be left to chance and appropriate measures should be taken urgently.

Nutrition during pregnancy

This topic requires separate consideration, so in this material we will give only general recommendations on how to eat right. Let's also talk about what products for pregnant women are acceptable and vice versa. To begin with, we note that the diet of the expectant mother should be adjusted taking into account the needs of her body.

For example, you are one hundred percent meat eater and do not like vegetables or prefer sweets to fruits, and so on. Then you will have to reconsider your preferences so that the child grows and develops harmoniously.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that pregnancy is stress for the body and it needs powerful support to ensure the life of two at once.

A balanced diet provides:

• the correct functioning of the body;
• meeting the needs of the developing embryo;
• the formation and growth of the placenta;
• swelling of the mammary glands and prolonged lactation.

If the balance of vitamins, beneficial compounds and other nutrients is disturbed, then there is a risk:

• the development of intrauterine pathologies in the fetus;
• decrease in all important vital signs of the newborn;
• insufficient child;
• undeveloped intelligence;
• hereditary diseases;
• low life expectancy.

Bad habits (smoking, alcohol, etc.) destroy the baby's body no less than poor nutrition. Therefore, all this should be abandoned, at least during pregnancy, if there is no willpower to "tie" forever.

Major nutritional mistakes during pregnancy:

• Irregular meals. Lack of a full breakfast, a disordered meal schedule, snacks and evening meals - all this affects the health of the mother and child. Therefore, during pregnancy, we adhere to the rules and principles of a healthy lifestyle diet. The largest meal that provides an energy boost in the morning is breakfast. After it (a couple of hours should pass), you can arrange for yourself a light snack. For lunch, eat soup, and for the second, cook steamed meat and porridge, and for dinner - fish and vegetables.
• Overeating at night harms metabolic processes and loads the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, you do not sleep well, and the food is not digested normally. Excess calories are instantly converted into excess fat, which in turn negatively affects weight.
• Eating dry food with your favorite cookies, rolls and other flour products not only adds kilograms, but also increases the risk of developing or.
• Overly spicy food, which is sometimes so desirable for pregnant women, is also harmful, and also stimulates the appetite.
• Sweets and pastries are acceptable, but only in moderation. Excess blood sugar leads not only to extra pounds, but also significantly increases the risk of developing .

During pregnancy, it is important to eat meat, fish and seafood, as well as fresh vegetables and fruits, sour and dairy products, whole grain breads, cereals and durum wheat pasta. These foods will provide the required levels of important beneficial compounds. It is better to steam, bake or boil food. If possible, it is advisable to abandon salt and sugar or significantly reduce their content in ready-made dishes.

In the first trimester, it is important to get plenty of vitamin B9 , i.e. , which is indispensable for the growth of organs and tissues, as well as the development of the nervous system. They are rich in cheeses, beets, cabbage, legumes and carrots.

Food in the second trimester should be rich in content:

• and calcium (dairy products, fish liver, eggs);
• gland (meat, vegetables);
• (fruits, berries);
• fiber .

How not to gain weight during pregnancy

In order not to gain extra pounds, adhere to the following rules:

• Don't overeat. The good old "you need to eat for two" or "if you want, it means a child requires," sounding from the mouths of good grandmothers and aunts should not confuse you and justify the nightly zhory. The body must receive exactly the amount of calories required for the normal development of the fetus and not more. You can eat more often, but in small portions, then you will not feel hungry. It is believed that you can increase the calorie intake of your diet during pregnancy by a maximum of 200-300 calories without harm to your health. But here it is important to observe the measure, this is especially true for women whose BMI is above normal.
• Avoid unhealthy foods that are high in fast carbohydrates. All kinds of sweets, chocolates and bars, confectionery and flour are sources of sugar, which is absorbed quickly and gives only a temporary feeling of satiety, disappearing instantly, and you want to eat again. As a result, you absorb harmful sugars along with food additives and confectionery fats.
• Arrange yourself gentle fasting days. This does not mean that we are advising you to fast during pregnancy. You can give your stomach a break once every two weeks. On this day, replace most of your diet with vegetables or dairy products.
• Walk more, and not only in good and sunny weather in the fresh air. This rule helps to maintain health for everyone, without exception. Physical activity (within reason, of course) is especially important for pregnant women. The more you move, the better your blood is oxygenated, which means you protect your baby from oxygen starvation .
• Avoid harmful and useless drinks. Give preference to ordinary drinking water or natural compotes, fruit drinks and juices without sugar. The recommended daily volume of fluid for pregnant women is 1.5 liters. It is better to drink two-thirds before 4 pm to avoid swelling.

Products that are allowed to eat pregnant:

• dietary flour products, bran or rye whole grain bread;
• vegetable soups (we limit potatoes, cereals, pasta) to 200 grams per day;
• meat products and meat, steamed, baked or boiled;
• fish and seafood;
• milk, dairy and fermented milk products (yogurt without additives and sugar, low-fat cottage cheese);
• eggs (preferably quail);
• cereals (oatmeal, buckwheat - the most useful);
• fresh or steamed vegetables;
• sauces and salad dressings (sour cream, olive oil);
• fresh fruits;
• butter up to 10 grams per day;
• refined sunflower oil should be replaced with unrefined olive oil;
• drinks (tea, non-purchased packaged juices, fruit drinks, water).

All women, one way or another, pay attention to their weight, but if in everyday life diets, physical activity and other activities are designed only for your body, then with the onset of pregnancy you are responsible for the health of two. And, therefore, in a special state and norms will be different. In this article we will use the terms "weight" and "body weight", in this context they are one and the same.

Total weight gain during pregnancy Is a measure of weight gain from a diagnosed pregnancy to delivery.

The biological value of weight gain during pregnancy is to create additional protection for the ovum and fetus. Adipose tissue during pregnancy is deposited mainly in the area of \u200b\u200bthe mammary glands, buttocks, thighs and abdomen. In addition to mechanical protection, fat plays an energy-storing role in case of hunger, it happened evolutionarily and your body simply performs its assigned task.

Why control weight during pregnancy?

Optimal weight gain is one of the indicators of a normal pregnancy.

When registering, you will be asked:

Do your blood relatives (mother, grandmother, sister) suffer from obesity, diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome (complex metabolic disorder),

Was overweight before

Was there a sharp weight gain or loss and, if so, how did this affect the menstrual cycle,

How much weight did you gain in the previous pregnancy (if this is not the first pregnancy), whether you regained your weight and how quickly.

They will also measure height and body weight.

Weight control is carried out every visit and helps to suspect the development of various pathological conditions as early as possible. At home, body weight control is carried out weekly, in the morning you are weighed on an empty stomach, after the morning toilet, in the same clothes. You are expected to weigh yourself in approximately the same clothing upon arrival to avoid diagnostic errors.

Initially, a woman has a certain weight indicator, for its objective assessment, the body mass index is used.

Body mass index (BMI) - a relative value that allows you to assess the degree of conformity of a person's mass to his height

To calculate the BMI, you need to square the height in meters (for example, 1.75 × 1.75 \u003d 3.06). Then divide the weight in kilograms by the height squared (for example, 67 ÷ 3.06 \u003d 21.9 and this is the norm).

BMI< 16 – выраженный дефицит массы тела (истощение)
BMI \u003d 16-18.5 - underweight
BMI \u003d 18.5-25 - normal weight
BMI \u003d 25-30 - overweight
BMI \u003d 30-35 - first degree obesity
BMI \u003d 35-40 - second degree obesity
BMI \u003d 40 or more - obesity of the third degree or morbid (pathological, painful).

Based on the original body weight, the allowable weight gain will be calculated.

Women with a BMI less than 16

Young pregnant women (less than 18 years of age) who are still growing and need optimal nutritional intake

Women with multiple pregnancies (especially if they are triplets / quadruplets and so on).

For other patients, the following is given table of the total weight gain during pregnancy.

Weight gain by week.

Weight gain is uneven, about 40% of the increase occurs in the 1st half of pregnancy, and 60% in the second.

Not all women start gaining from the very beginning of pregnancy. In the first weeks, even a decrease in body weight is possible, caused by toxicosis, vomiting of pregnant women, and a decrease in appetite. In some women, the increase begins only at 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Weight gain is not only due to the accumulation of fat mass in the mother and the increase in fetal weight. Weight gain is a cumulative concept and includes several components:

1) Full-term fetus (values \u200b\u200bfrom 2500 to 4000 grams are considered normal, the average weight is 3500 grams)

2) Placenta (weight about 600 grams)

3) Umbilical cord and fetal membranes (about 500 - 600 grams)

4) Amniotic fluid or amniotic fluid (approximately 1 liter)

5) Uterus (during pregnancy, the uterus is significantly stretched, the muscle fibers are rearranged, its massive blood supply is carried out, and the mass is about 1 kg)

6) The volume of circulating blood in the "mother - placenta - fetus" system (or "third circle of blood circulation", which is 1.5 - 2 liters)

7) Deposition of subcutaneous fat, gradual development of the mammary glands (about 2 - 3 kg)

We bring a table that shows the approximate numbers of weight gain by week of pregnancy... However, you should always discuss this with the obstetrician / gynecologist who is handling your pregnancy.

Pregnancy period in weeks	Baseline BMI<18.5	Baseline BMI 18.5 - 25	Baseline BMI 30 or more
4	0 - 0.9 kg	0 - 0.7 kg	0 - 0.5 kg
6	0 - 1.4 kg	0 - 1 kg	0 - 0.6 kg
8	0 - 1.6 kg	0 - 1.2 kg	0 - 0.7 kg
10	0 - 1.8 kg	0 - 1.3 kg	0 - 0.8 kg
12	0 - 2 kg	0 - 1.5 kg	0 - 1 kg
14	0.5 - 2.7 kg	0.5 - 2 kg	0.5 - 1.2 kg
16	Up to 3.6 kg	Up to 3 kg	Up to 1.4 kg
18	Up to 4.6 kg	Up to 4 kg	Up to 2.3 kg
20	Up to 6 kg	Up to 5.9 kg	Up to 2.9 kg
22	Up to 7.2 kg	Up to 7 kg	Up to 3.4 kg
24	Up to 8.6 kg	Up to 8.5 kg	Up to 3.9 kg
26	Up to 10 kg	Up to 10 kg	Up to 5 kg
28	Up to 13 kg	Up to 11 kg	Up to 5.4 kg
30	Up to 14 kg	Up to 12 kg	Up to 5.9 kg
32	Up to 15 kg	Up to 13 kg	Up to 6.4 kg
34	Up to 16 kg	Up to 14 kg	Up to 7.3 kg
36	Up to 17 kg	Up to 15 kg	Up to 7.9 kg
38	Up to 18 kg	Up to 16 kg	Up to 8.6 kg
40	Up to 18 kg	Up to 16 kg	Up to 9.1 kg

Of all the indicators that add up to the total weight gain, we are especially worried about fetal growth, since low birth weight is associated with a high risk of many diseases.

Pregnancy period in weeks	Fruit weight in grams
11	11
12	19
13	31
14	52
15	77
16	118
17	160
18	217
19	270
20	345
21	416
22	506
23	607
24	733
25	844
26	969
27	1135
28	1319
29	1482
30	1636
31	1779
32	1930
33	2088
34	2248
35	2414
36	2612
37	2820
38	2992
39	3170
40	3373

All indicators given here are an average, and you should not thoroughly check your ultrasound data with our table. The main thing in observing the growth of the fetus is not even the absolute body weight, but the dynamics of its increase. At the beginning of pregnancy, the rate of increase is about 10 - 60 grams per week, and in the third trimester it is already about 100 - 300 grams per week. We have given approximate values, and if you are worried about the weight of the baby, then you need to additionally ask your obstetrician-gynecologist.

Normally, weight gain during pregnancy is smooth, without sudden jumps and, as a result, fits into the given norms. However, this is not always the case.

Excessive weight gain

Excess weight gain can be diagnosed over a certain period (for example, if the weight gain in 1 week was 4 kg) or over the entire period of pregnancy. The earlier the trend towards pathological weight gain is detected, the more effective the treatment is.

Criteria for excess weight gain:

More than 2 kg in 1 week for any period
- more than 4 kg in total for the first 3 months
- more than 1.5 kg monthly for the second trimester
- more than 800 grams in 1 week in the third trimester

The reasons:

Overeating / inappropriate nutrition (excessive intake of salt, simple carbohydrates, fatty foods, foods with preservatives, fast food)

Excessive fluid intake

Sedentary lifestyle

Chronic diseases that existed before pregnancy (diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, varicose veins, etc.)

Complications or what threatens overweight during pregnancy?

For the mother:

1. Increased blood pressure
2. Development of edema
3. Development of preeclampsia
4. Gestational diabetes mellitus
5. Varicose veins
6. Complications from the urinary tract (gestational pyelonephritis)
7. Symphysiopathies and other complications from the musculoskeletal system
8. Premature aging of the placenta
9. Threat of premature birth (the main reason will be hormonal imbalance)
10. Risk of prolonged pregnancy, weakness of labor forces or discoordination of labor
11. Risk of IRP (premature rupture of amniotic fluid)
12. Technical difficulties during caesarean section

First of all, women with excessive weight gain are at risk of developing preeclampsia. If an alarming dynamics of weight is revealed, then the patient will be examined by a doctor more often, according to indications, an additional examination will be prescribed or hospitalization will be offered.

For a child:

1. Fetal hypotrophy, or vice versa, the birth of large-bodied children (over 4000 grams) or children - giants (over 5000 grams).

2. Fetal hypoxia due to placental disorders

3. Disproportionate development (inconsistency in the development of the size of the head, shoulder girdle and pelvis). This point is especially important in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in the mother, since at the same time diabetic fetopathy develops ("fetos" - the fetus in Greek "fetus"), which includes many indicators, including obesity in the shoulder girdle, which creates difficulty in childbirth and increases the risk of birth injury.

4. Increased risk of neurological pathology (convulsive syndrome and others)

5. Increased risk of obesity and diabetes in the future

What to do?

I. Inspection

1) Complete blood count (CBC)
2) General urinalysis or OAM (primarily the presence of protein in the urine)
3) Biochemical blood test or BAC (primarily blood sugar)
4) Consultation of a therapist, endocrinologist
5) Daily monitoring of blood pressure according to indications
6) Monitoring the condition of the fetus (ultrasound, dopplerometry, cardiotocography)

II. Treatment

1) Balanced diet.

At first glance, the simplest recommendation would be “eat right,” but it is more difficult to follow than to buy pills at a pharmacy. You should treat your meal planning and meal planning as a regular job that cannot be delayed. The time while you carry the baby under your heart is given in order for you to give him the maximum possible.

Assurances of others that now you should "eat for two" is a fundamentally wrong statement. The calorie content of food should increase by an average of 200-300 kilocalories per day, but the intake of protein, iron, calcium, folates and other macro- and micronutrients does increase significantly, but these useful elements are usually found in low-calorie foods (liver, low-fat meat, milk and lettuce).

The daily diet should include three main meals and two to three snacks.

Healthy snacks are fruits, vegetables, unsweetened yogurt, bran bread croutons. You should always have a snack with you.

A pregnant woman should never be hungry!

It is recommended to include in the diet: lean meat in boiled, baked and grilled types, all types of fish, eggs, all dairy and sour milk products (limit sour cream, heavy cream and butter), vegetables (limit potatoes, consume them boiled or baked), fruits ( limit grapes, bananas, melons), dried fruits, cereals (limit semolina and polished rice), bran bread / gray bread, legumes (if their use does not cause flatulence and does not affect stools), vegetable oils for salad dressing.

In limited quantities: fried foods, marmalade, chocolate, marshmallow, candy, honey, nuts, candied fruits, potatoes, bananas, grapes, melon, butter, heavy cream, sour cream.

Salt provokes the retention of excess fluid in the tissues, which is fraught with the development of edema. It is very difficult to calculate the recommended 5 grams of salt per day, but try at least not to add salt to ready-made food, use mustard and lemon juice for dressing salads, and avoid foods with a record salt content (sausages and sausages, chips, ready-made crackers, etc.) ).

You can also arrange fasting days (kefir, cottage cheese, vegetable, apple). On such days, you leave yourself a full meal, and replace other meals with the chosen product. But you should not be hungry, the rule of 5 - 6 meals a day must be followed.

It is also necessary to observe the optimal drinking regimen ... On average, the amount of liquid consumed per day should be 1200 - 1500 ml, this includes tea, coffee and other drinks, liquid in soups and cereals, as well as fruits and vegetables. It will not be possible to calculate for sure, but this is not required, it is important to understand the approximate volume. Most of the volume consumed should be pure water.

2) Fight constipation.

Irregular bowel activity leads to the formation of gas, makes it difficult to absorb even those nutrients that you use, so you should strive to ensure that stool retention does not last more than 1 - 2 days.

Eat a salad of white cabbage, carrots and boiled beets at night
- eat 6 dried apricots or prunes daily
- with the ineffectiveness of these products during pregnancy, it is allowed to use osmotic laxatives based on lactulose (normase, duphalac, romfalak, goodluck, lactulozastada), take them 2-3 times a day, 1 tablespoon. Sometimes it is enough 1 tablespoon of the drug at night to have a chair in the morning.

Fitness for pregnant women is gaining popularity now, in fact, a lot of the program can be done at home, especially if you purchase a fitball (a soft rubber gymnastic ball of large sizes).

Any physical activity should be consistent with the state of health and tone of the uterus.

4) Herbal diuretics (if the weight gain is due to edema).

Used kanefron (2 tablets 3 times a day), lingoniver (brew 1 filter bag 3-4 times a day), the duration of taking both drugs is determined by your doctor.

Also in this case, positional therapy will be beneficial: take the knee-elbow position for 3-15 minutes up to 6 times a day according to your well-being.

Diet with restriction of carbohydrates, insulin therapy according to indications.

Insufficient weight gain.

Insufficient weight gain means a lack of intake of sufficient nutrients and vitamins into the pregnant woman's body. If the mother does not receive enough food, then the future baby will soon be deprived.

The reasons:

Malnutrition / malnutrition

Long-term chronic diseases (cardiovascular and bronchopulmonary diseases, diseases of the digestive tract, infectious diseases, including HIV infection and hepatitis)

Bad habits (smoking, alcohol, psychoactive substances)

Malnutrition is the most common cause, and it does not always concern socially disadvantaged patients. It should be remembered that pregnancy is not the time for dieting. We have given the recommendations for good nutrition above. The only difference is that patients with insufficient weight gain do not need to limit themselves to the use of bananas, fatty dairy products and vegetable oil.

The approach is obvious with bad habits, they are incompatible with pregnancy, and you must quit as soon as you find out about the onset of pregnancy.

Complications caused by insufficient weight gain:

For the mother:

1) Complicated pregnancy (threat of termination of pregnancy)
2) Complicated labor (discoordination of labor, weakness of labor)
3) Anemia, hypovitaminosis (manifestations will be weakness, fatigue, dry skin, hair loss)

For a child:

1) Fetal hypotrophy (low weight), fetal growth retardation (lagging behind the gestational age).

2) Chronic fetal hypoxia, the risk of antenatal fetal death increases.

3) The incidence of malformations increases (with a deficiency of folic acid, the risk of defects in the nervous system increases), the risk of immunodeficiency in the future.

What to do?

I. Inspection

1) UAC
2) OAM
3) LHC
4) ultrasound of internal organs and kidneys
5) Screening for STIs according to indications
6) Consultations of specialized specialists (infectious disease specialist, gastroenterologist, nephrologist)

II. Treatment

1) Rational nutrition (see above)
2) Additional food.

Pregnant women who are underweight and / or anemic (starting with moderate severity) are prescribed additional nutrition free of charge, for example, Juno instant dry mixture, which is taken 3 tablespoons per day.

3) Treatment of vomiting of a pregnant woman

Toxicosis of the first half of pregnancy, vomiting of a pregnant woman lead to a sharp decrease in appetite, aversion to food and, as a result, weight loss. The nutrition of such patients should be very fractional, in small portions (if this means that you will eat 10-12 times a day for a crouton or a spoonful of yogurt, then this is your diet for this period), the food should be gentle in temperature and consistency ... It is also necessary to replenish the lost liquid and drink at least 1500 ml of liquid per day (weak tea, mineral water, natural juices and pure water). Vomiting of a pregnant woman, which is repeated more than 6 times a day and leads to a decrease in working capacity, requires medical intervention, fluid replacement with intravenous administration of saline solutions.

4) Monitoring and treatment of chronic diseases.

Pregnancy in the presence of chronic diseases should be carefully planned, and diseases should be in the stage of compensation. If the pregnancy occurred unplanned, then you should visit a specialized specialist as early as possible.

Pregnancy is a wonderful period in a woman's life, which cannot be repeated, but along with the joy of waiting for a baby, you also acquire great responsibility. And, in a sense, pregnancy is a job, so menu planning, doctor visits and diagnostic procedures, and regular weight control should be treated like work tasks. And the result will be a successful pregnancy, your well-being, uncomplicated labor and a healthy baby. Take care of yourself and be healthy!

Obstetrician-gynecologist A.V. Petrova

An increase in the amount of the subcutaneous fat layer of the expectant mother is an essential condition for the successful and full development of the baby during the entire embryonic period. Usually, younger pregnant women gain less weight than older women. But carrying, for example, twins or even triplets will significantly increase the weight indicators in mothers of any age period. In each of these cases, a pregnant woman in one way or another observes changes in her body weight, which is not always the norm.

To determine the weight indicators of a pregnant woman, you need to get used to correctly organized weighing:

• It is recommended to measure body weight once a week, you should try to get into the same time interval before breakfast, which increases the accuracy of further calculations and dynamic assessment of results.
• Weighing is done after emptying the bladder and colon.
• The same scales are used.
• Each time, it is best for a woman to weigh herself in specially designated clothing (with the subsequent deduction of her weight) or without it at all.
• For ease of calculation and tracking the level of body weight, it is better to record the results in a special notebook.

The above tips are advisable only if the pregnant woman is weighed at home with her own weights. But in case the expectant mother undergoes this procedure only at an appointment with a leading obstetrician-gynecologist, it is worth visiting him at approximately the same hours, and immediately before getting on the scales, re-empty the bladder.

Body Mass Index Table

When evaluating the results of the obtained body weight values, all specialists and trained pregnant women use body mass index calculation... This technique allows not only to simplify all calculations, but also to identify overweight or underweight with the same ease. To calculate the body mass index, special calculators have been created. The following values \u200b\u200bfit into them:

• weight before pregnancy (in kg);
• height (in cm);
• the presence or absence of twins;

• start date of the last menstrual period;
• weight for this weighing (in kg).

In this way, the increase in body weight produced over a certain period of time from the beginning of pregnancy is calculated.

In the case we are considering, the weight consists not only of the mass of all organs and biological fluids of a person, but also reserves of the body's fat depot... In addition to the usual formation of a certain amount of subcutaneous fatty tissue, the body of the expectant mother takes place growth of a new organism, which has, constantly increasing from week to week of its intrauterine development.

Do not forget that to ensure the normal development of the fetus the uterus increases in size, the formation of human milk in the mammary glands occurs, the placenta is born and grows, are constantly present amniotic fluid, the membranes of the fetus and the umbilical cord, which also contributes to the level of body weight.

Factors Affecting Pregnancy Weight Gain

• The presence and degree of severity affects the body weight during gestation, because with it there is an active loss of fluid through frequent vomiting, which leads to dehydration and weight loss.
• Such pathological variants of the course of pregnancy, as well as the presence of pronounced edema syndrome, contribute to weight gain.
• Bearing two or even three fruits at the same time provides a more pronounced weight gain than with a singleton pregnancy.
• , the regimen and amount of fluid absorbed during pregnancy has a strong effect on the woman's metabolism, which indicates the direct influence of these factors on the formation of the fat layer, the growth of the placenta, uterus, the fetus itself and the formation of milk.

The rate of weight gain during pregnancy

Weight gain during pregnancy by week

How much weight gain during pregnancy? In women with the usual normal physique and correct build, the increase in body weight for the entire period of bearing the baby according to the dynamic data obtained for the assessment of the mass index, including the child, should be 10-15 kg... For cases with reduced weight, the level of gain from 12 to 18 kg is considered normal, with grade 1 obesity - from 6 to 10 kg, with grade 2 obesity - from 4 to 9 kg.

If a woman is waiting big addition to the family, then the scale of the rate of weight gain during pregnancy is slightly different from the scale indicated above. For normal body weight, the values \u200b\u200bof the increase are from 15 to 25 kg, for obesity of the 1st degree - from 14 to 24 kg, for obesity of the 2nd degree - from 10 to 19 kg.

Thus, the thinner a pregnant woman is, the more weight she can gain while carrying a baby. Conversely, overweight ladies tend to gain smaller numbers.

Weight gain during pregnancy by week: table

Pregnancy weight gain table by week

For the convenience of evaluating the results and analyzing the weight gain of a pregnant woman, experts have developed indicators weight gain rates during pregnancy by week.

They are still dependent on the type of constitution of the mother and her personal body mass index, but most importantly, they reflect in detail the weight gain for each stage of pregnancy. This greatly facilitates not only the work of leading obstetricians and gynecologists, but also the understanding of their pregnancy by the expectant mother herself.

The change in the weight of a pregnant woman in any of the cases depends on the characteristics of her metabolism, the nature of nutrition and the needs of the fetus, which only confirms the individuality of these weight parameters.

For women of normal body weight:

1-17 weeks - an increase of 2.35 kg;
17-23 weeks - an increase of 1.55 kg;
23-27 weeks - gain 1.95 kg;
27-31 weeks - 2.11 kg gain
31-35 weeks - an increase of 2.11 kg;
35-40 weeks - an increase of 1.25 kg;
for the entire period - an increase of 11-15 kg.

For women with grade 1 obesity:

1-17 weeks - an increase of 2.25 kg;
17-23 weeks - an increase of 1.23 kg;
23-27 weeks - an increase of 1.85 kg;
27-31 weeks - gain 1.55 kg
31-35 weeks - an increase of 1.55 kg;
for the entire period - an increase of 7-11 kg.

For women with reduced body weight:

1-17 weeks - an increase of 3.25 kg;
17-23 weeks - an increase of 1.77 kg;
23-27 weeks - an increase of 2.1 kg;

35-40 weeks - an increase of 1.75;
for the entire period - an increase of 12-19 kg.

When carrying a multiple pregnancy:

1-17 weeks - an increase of 4.55 kg;
17-23 weeks - 2.6 kg gain;
23-27 weeks - an increase of 3 kg;
27-31 weeks - gain 2.35 kg
31-35 weeks - an increase of 2.35 kg;
35-40 weeks - an increase of 1.55 kg;
for the entire period - an increase of 15-20 kg.

Weight loss during pregnancy

Weight loss in pregnant women should be considered for the trimester of pregnancy.

• In the first trimester weight loss is most often an obvious sign of early-formed toxicosis, in which a pregnant woman loses kilograms due to dehydration and the woman's frequent refusal to eat a full meal.
• For the second and third trimesters the reasons for the weight loss are very similar and are expressed in the wrong nutrition of the pregnant woman (most often due to the fear of gaining extra pounds, which is absolutely unjustified and dangerous aspiration for the future baby) or the presence of somatic pathology of any organs or systems.

In any case, a woman should be sure to consult with the gynecologist leading her pregnancy.

Large weight gain during pregnancy is far from safe. The reasons for its occurrence can be considered due to the weakening of the excretion of fluid from the body, the aforementioned high-water pregnancy and the presence of hypothyroidism with a reduced release of thyroid hormones into the blood.

In the event that the gynecologist discovers the presence of such a large weight gain during pregnancy, untimely and irrational assistance to them can lead to the development of gestosis in pregnant women, and the Rh conflict between the baby and the woman.

Of course, these causes are pathological for both the mother and the fetus. But physiological reasons (for example, a large age of the mother and a genetic predisposition to overweight) are no less dangerous in this regard.

Adequate treatment pathological increase in weight during pregnancy is:

• no high-calorie foods;
• limiting water intake;
• in the most complete laboratory, instrumental and apparatus examination of a woman;
• in regular walks and reasonable physical activity at home for the expectant mother.
• in the introduction of fasting days.

This type of therapy and prevention of overweight in a pregnant woman is recommended for no more than one or two times a week.

Fasting day is eating products of the same type and water in an amount of about 1 liter. The expectant mother can experiment and independently decide on the menu for fasting days, however, it is still worth discussing your plans with the leading gynecologist.

Examples of fasting days:

• Vegetable (squash or pumpkin with a little sour cream).
• Apple (a kilogram of fresh apples or baked for 6 meals).
• Fruit (using the same apples, but all the fruits at the request of the mother and the doctor's recommendations).

Weight Gain During Pregnancy Videos

For a more complete introduction to the topic weight gain during pregnancy you can see the video, which popularly covers the causes of increased body weight, rules and recommendations for weighing and calculating mass indices, as well as normal values \u200b\u200bof weight gain during each week of the embryonic period of the fetus.

A general discussion will only help you fully understand the pregnancy weight gain schedule, therefore feel free to ask and share my own experiences with other people. Your reasoning will help not only you, but also girls and women planning pregnancy, which is important for their moral preparation for pregnancy.

The greatest fear of a woman during pregnancy is naturally associated with the norms of the baby's development. But the gradually increasing arrow of the scales can cause panic. Hormonal changes change taste habits and desires, control over the portion is lost, the expectant mother begins to gain weight. Not to go beyond the norm in order to endure and give birth to a baby on your own is the task of everyone. It will also help a woman after childbirth to go through the recovery period faster and regain her shape before conception.

The table of the norm of weight gain during pregnancy by week will allow you to control the gained kilo for the entire period of gestation. With sharp surges, it is necessary to adjust the diet and the daily routine to restore the indicators.

How does weight gain

Natural physiological processes lead to an increase in the body weight of a pregnant woman by an average of 10-12 kg. This figure falls already at 36-38 weeks, by the time of childbirth. The main part is the baby's weight (3-4 kg), as well as the uterus, which grows proportionally as the child develops (2 kg along with amniotic fluid). The volume of blood also increases significantly; 1.5-1.8 kg will be required to transport all nutrients and oxygen. More fluid accumulates in the body, fluctuations occur in the range from 1.5 to 2.5 kg.

Excess weight is reflected not only on the mother, the child by the time of birth can be very large, and the process of childbirth is complicated by dimensions over 4 kg. It provokes the gained kilograms and late toxicosis, a dangerous increase in pressure, and the appearance of deviations. Weight loss is also undesirable, especially in the second and third trimester.

Correct weight measurement

Control is necessarily carried out by a gynecologist, in consultation before the appointment, the nurse weighs the expectant mother. If there is a scale at home, and the woman independently keeps track of the grams gained, it is worth remembering the simple rules:

• the optimal time will be morning, immediately upon waking up, after breakfast, and also during the day the weight can vary - increasing by 500-700 grams;
• choose permanent clothes for the weighing process, the consultation does not always take into account the factor of heavy warm sweaters, massive shoes, therefore, the figures for home and medical weighing may differ;
• it is worth writing down the received data in a notebook, if necessary, show them to the doctor, to track possible drastic changes.

Recruitment rates

Average data allow you to monitor the indicators of both the pregnant woman and the child. If one fetus is bearing, the optimal weight gain is from 8 to 16 kg. Accordingly, with twins, the indicators increase from 16 to 22 kg. These are indicative data, they can vary both in a smaller and a larger direction, depending on the physiological characteristics of a woman.

Weight gain by trimester:

• in the first trimester, all internal organs and systems of the embryo are laid, therefore, the increase is minimal - no more than 2 kg, if during this period toxicosis is observed, on the contrary, you can lose weight dramatically, after all the kilograms can be replenished;
• in the second trimester + 1 kg per month is a good indicator, the pregnant woman and her doctor can be satisfied with this result, the figure should not exceed 330 grams per week;
• in the third trimester, the child grows intensively, along with it the uterus, place, and also the amount of amniotic fluid increase in size, therefore an addition of 1.6-2.3 per month is considered normal, any sharp jumps are undesirable, the baby grows gradually, and the rapidly gained kilograms will be deposited on the figure of the mother in the form of adipose tissue.

In other cases, a woman can gain a rate of 10-14 kg at the beginning, and then keep this figure until the very birth. Or vice versa - an increase in mass occurs several weeks before delivery. Such physiological features cannot indicate developmental deviations if other analyzes, studies correspond to the indicators of the norm for a given period of pregnancy.

Weight gain by week

The analysis of indicators helps to control the regime moments and nutrition for the normal course of pregnancy. There is a set of kilograms unevenly, up to 12-14 weeks, the figure can remain without apologies. The most intensive growth occurs from 15 to 34 weeks, and in the period immediately before childbirth, the expectant mother may lose a little weight.

Weight gain by week during pregnancy depends on the woman's initial BMI. It is quite simple to calculate it: the weight must be divided by the height squared. Indicators from 19 to 25 are considered normal, less is a lack of a kilogram, more is overweight, as well as varying degrees of obesity. The less the expectant mother weighed before conception, the more she gains all 9 months (14-16 kg). If a woman had extra volumes before pregnancy, then her intake rate should not exceed 8-11 kg, and in case of obesity - up to 6 kg, with the obligatory adherence to a diet.

In the table, the weight of the pregnant woman by week depending on the body mass index (BMI)

Reasons for weight change

It is not possible to define averages that apply to all women. There are factors that provoke excess weight gain:

• the initial weight of the pregnant woman, the less it is, the faster it is replenished with the gained kilograms for the entire period of gestation;
• a genetic tendency to be overweight makes itself felt, even if a balanced diet and physical activity are observed;
• growth also matters, the higher it is, the more proportionally it will be recruited;
• if the child is large, naturally the expectant mother will eat more, and the weight will rapidly increase in the third trimester;
• swelling and dropsy leads to a retention of fluid in the body, due to which the arrow of the scales will increase already at the end of the first trimester;
• a change in hormonal levels leads to an uncontrollable feeling of hunger and satiety, if the efforts of the will do not help limit the amount of portions, extra 5-10 kg are guaranteed;
• an increased amount of amniotic fluid, polyhydramnios often leads to overweight, the condition requires constant medical supervision;
• in women after 30-35 years, the metabolic rate decreases, a natural gain in body weight occurs.

Toxicosis of the first and last trimester can lead to a sharp decrease. The greatest risks to the fetus are worsening of the mother's condition in the last weeks. It is important to constantly monitor all biochemical parameters.

Danger of deviations from norms

Deteriorating quality of life, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, and limited physical activity are not the only problems that appear with volume. For both the baby and his mother, a set of extra pounds is associated with health risks:

• varicose veins, deterioration of the cardiovascular system, which means a lack of nutrients for the child;
• the load on the spinal column and pressure on all internal organs increases;
• the difficulty of diagnosing the condition of the fetus during pregnancy;
• the development of hypertension and diabetes mellitus;
• planned or urgent caesarean section;
• premature birth or fetal prolongation;
• infections of the excretory system;
• possible complications of the process of childbirth, both natural and during cesarean;
• delayed fetal development;
• violation of proportions between the head and pelvis;
• the child's tendency to develop obesity, diabetes mellitus in the future;
• neurological disorders, episyndrome.

How much a pregnant woman should gain in weight depends on her initial weight. To control the normal increase, it is worth adhering to the basic recommendations:

• learn to eat right, the diet should consist of a variety of high-quality and fresh products, proteins in the form of lean meat are required - rabbit, turkey, chicken, fish, cottage cheese, cheese, yogurt and whole milk;
• vegetables and herbs will help to stabilize the weight, preference should also be given to traditional fruits and berries;
• fats should be present in the form of vegetable oils, seeds, nuts, it is important to control the portion amount;
• carbohydrates useful for mom and child are found in cereals and whole grain bread, and it is better to refuse flour products if you are overweight;
• limiting salt will help avoid puffiness, it is also worth controlling the consumption of sugar, store juices and sweets;
• a set of physical exercises for pregnant women will allow you to prepare for the childbirth process and not gain excess weight, and will also speed up the subsequent recovery period.

A pregnant woman should not starve and go on diets. Reducing the portion size and fractional nutrition will help stabilize the weight to normal.