Most often, fees for kindergartens in Russian regions start at 1,000 rubles. However, in fact, it can differ significantly even in municipal institutions within the same city, often many times exceeding the specified minimum amount, not to mention independently set prices in private kindergartens, often many times higher than official government prices.
However, at the moment, at the federal level, assistance of this kind not provided, and the problem remains catastrophically relevant - primarily in families where there is no one to leave the child with for the possibility of employment or the mother’s resumption of work at a permanent place of employment.
Compensation for parental fees for kindergarten
According to the current federal Russian legislation any family, who was lucky enough to get her child into kindergarten, has the right to reimbursement of part of the monthly payment for his visit.
How prices for visiting children's educational institutions are determined
Size parental payment for child support in preschool educational institutions changes from year to year. It is established by the local executive authority (government) and depends on the category of kindergarten, the age of the child, the number of children in the family and some other criteria.
Since January 1, 2015, the fee in many regions has increased significantly. In particular, in Moscow, the cost of staying children in 12-hour groups increased immediately by 75%, in the Trans-Baikal Territory the increase averaged 55%, in the Kemerovo region - 40%.
In this regard, on February 11, 2015, bill No. 719641-6 was even introduced into the State Duma, proposing to limit the amount of the annual increase in parental fees for children visiting preschool educational institutions to current inflation level in accordance with official data from Rosstat.
However, consideration of this legislative initiative is being delayed; the approximate date for discussion is set for November 2015. Currently, the cost of payment for kindergarten not regulated by law at all(as it was before 2013) and is established by the preschool institution (organization) itself.
Law on compensation for kindergarten
The opportunity to receive partial compensation for maintaining a child in kindergarten is regulated by Part 5 of Art. 65 of Federal Law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 “ About education in Russian Federation ».
According to the document minimum dimensions The compensation payments that parents can count on under federal law are:
- 20% of the actual monthly payment amount - for the first child in the family;
- 50% - for the second;
- 70% - for the third and subsequent ones.
In the regions, taking into account the capabilities of local budgets, based on these standards, specific amounts of compensation are established, which can't be less the above.
For example, no region requires , . And the compensation for the first child is provided in an increased amount - 30%, for the second and subsequent ones - 50% and 70%, respectively, and not based on the actual parental payment, but on the city average.
Compensations are transferred to the bank account (passbook or card) of the parent who paid for kindergarten, monthly until a certain date established by regional law. It is impossible for parents to pay for kindergarten while simultaneously deducting compensation, that is, they must first pay (and on time) the full amount, and then receive the due compensation.
Compensation amount proportional to several factors:
- the number of children in the family under 18 or under 23 years of age (the latter - when the child is studying full-time);
- the actual cost of services of a preschool educational institution;
- established benefits at the regional and federal levels (for example, depending on family income, number of children, their health status and other circumstances).
Application for reimbursement of kindergarten fees
One of the parents or guardian of the child can apply for reimbursement of kindergarten fees, with whom the contract was concluded to visit a child care facility. As a rule, an application is filled out on a special form from a preschool educational organization, a possible example of which is given below.
Sample application for reimbursement of fees for kindergarten
Application to general case contains the following data:
- the name of the preschool educational institution to which the applicant applies;
- Full name and place of residence of the parent;
- the contents of the application requesting partial compensation for parental fees for the child;
- list of attached documents;
- obligation to report all material changes that affect the right to provide compensation.
The application is submitted to the educational organization in which the child was admitted, addressed to its head. After receiving it, it is registered in the journal of persons who applied for payment compensation.
The applicant, along with the application, must also provide (in originals and copies) the following documents:
- ID card (passport);
- birth certificates of all children in the family (if compensation is issued for the second child and subsequent ones);
- information about the bank account number and details of the credit institution for transferring money (usually indicated on the cover page of the passbook or according to a certificate from the bank about the account details).
The subsequent procedure for considering the application and making a decision occurs in accordance with the legislative acts of specific constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities.
As a rule, an authorized representative of the organization implementing preschool educational program, when accepting an application:
- certifies copies of documents and returns the originals to the applicant;
- forms and submits to the authorized body (for example, the Department of Education, Social Security and Health) lists of applicants for compensation;
- quarterly updates these lists and sends to the authorized body data on the actual payment made by parents for the cost of the child’s attendance at the kindergarten.
Payments of compensation for kindergarten are made based on the funds provided for these purposes regional and local budgets.
An example of calculating the amount of compensation payment for a kindergarten
Let’s assume that for a family with children aged 3.5 and 5 years living in Petrozavodsk, the fee for visiting a kindergarten is 3,410 rubles. per month (for each child). When applying for compensation, parents will be reimbursed monthly for:
- 682 rub.(20%) - for the first child;
- 1705 rub.(50%) - on the second 50%.
Total the state compensates parents for each month 2387 rub.(682 + 1705) out of 6820 rubles previously paid by them for their children’s attendance at a preschool institution. Due to this, the actual monthly payment for two children will be 4433 rub., which is 65% of the original amount.
Compensation for failure to provide kindergarten
As mentioned above, the law “On education in the Russian Federation” provides for the right of citizens to free preschool education. Despite Dmitry Medvedev at the All-Russian Forum of Social Workers, held on March 27, 2015 by the party « United Russia» in Yaroslavl, about the successful construction of kindergartens in the country, in fact, queues for preschool institutions often stretch in many cities of the country several years ahead. Because of this, not all mothers who need to go to work due to this have this opportunity.
The question of what to do with a child if there is no one to leave him with at home, and there is no place in kindergarten and the mother needs to go to work, has not yet been properly regulated at the federal legislative level and is very painful for parents.
Several years ago, they tried to solve this problem at the federal level by introducing amendments and changes to the then-current law “On Education” with the help of the project bill No. 556611-5, which ultimately was never adopted, but the measures it proposed to support families with children still remain very relevant.
Draft federal law 556611-5
In 2011, bill No. 556611-5 was submitted to the State Duma, which provided for changes to the law "About Education", which was in force even before the adoption of a new similar law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012.
The document proposed at the federal level resolve the issue of providing cash benefits and compensation payments to parents who will not be able to get a place for their children in a state or municipal preschool institution. Then the amount compensation for not attending kindergarten was supposed to be set fixed - in the form monthly allowance at the rate of 5000 rub.
This proposal of legislators was pursued simultaneously several goals:
The socially useful draft law was rejected due to the huge queues in kindergartens in the regions and the potential inability of the federal budget to cope with the possible influx of people wishing to receive compensation.
At the same time, it is necessary to understand: the reluctance of the state to take care of preschool children often leads to deterioration conditions of children's detention. For example, in non-state "confidence groups", where parents are forced to leave their children because they have to go to work and there are no places for children in kindergartens, sanitary and living conditions are violated.
Compensation for lack of a place in kindergarten in the regions
At the moment, in some regions of the Russian Federation there are local compensation payments parents of children who are not provided with a place in kindergartens or nurseries. Monthly compensation amount not unified, is established taking into account the capabilities of local budgets, and the conditions for receipt (in particular, the age of children giving the right to compensation) may differ significantly.
In most regions, such assistance is provided for children aged 1.5 to 6 years, however, in each specific case, the emphasis on the problem can be placed differently:
- in Lipetsk it is provided for children from 3 to 6 years old;
- in Samara, Kirov, Krasnodar - from 1.5 to 3 years.
In some regions, regardless of the age of the children, the amount is unified (Arkhangelsk, Tomsk), and in other localities it can be established differentially. For example, in 2014:
- in Perm, compensation for children 1.5-3 years old was 5295 rubles, and for children aged 3-6 years - 4490 rubles;
- in Samara, the first child is compensated 1000 rubles, the second - 1500 rubles, the third - 2000 rubles.
With different variations, similar benefits and compensation are also established in Lipetsk, Yaroslavl, Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Smolensk region and other regions.
Official list of regions in which the program is currently active , does not exist. You can find out whether monetary compensation is relevant for a specific locality in the Russian Federation at the social protection authorities at your place of residence. However, there is a problem of informing local social security officials, who often cannot provide the necessary information to parents. In this case, a request should be submitted to the Department of Education.
The necessary documents along with the application for compensation are submitted to the departments Social Security Administration(USZN) at the place of residence. The list of documents may vary depending on the region, but usually includes:
- applicant's passport;
- marriage (divorce) certificate of parents;
- number and details of his bank account;
- birth certificates of all minor children;
- a certificate from the preschool educational institution about the child’s placement on the waiting list and the lack of places;
- order to provide mother maternity leave from the place of work (or employment history for unemployed);
- certificate of family composition;
- medical insurance for mother and child.
It must also be remembered that regional compensation and benefits are established in the subjects of the federation exclusively on their own initiative- there is no law binding them at the federal level yet!
According to parents, this kind of compensation and benefits are very significant for families with children. The absence of a federal regulatory law that would make such payments mandatory for any subject of the Russian Federation puts parents from different regions in a very unequal position.
Payment by maternity capital for childcare services
In Russia, at the federal level, it is also possible to pay for the services of preschool educational organizations from funds.
In 2016, all parents and legal guardians of the child had the opportunity to receive compensation for payments for their child’s education in kindergarten. Refunds for kindergarten fees in 2018 are also: 20% for one child, 50% for two children and 70% for three children (or more). However, since January 1, the law in this area has undergone certain changes that you need to know about. Now not everyone can get some of their money back.
Who is eligible for a refund?
Parents who receive an income of no more than 150% of the payment have the right to a refund of part of the payment. living wage(minimum amount established by the state for living), approximately 14,000 rubles. Thus, the total income of a family (for example, 4 people, two adults and two children) should not exceed the amount of 58,000 rubles. This is the most significant change compared to 2016. It is worth considering that depending on the region, the amount may vary.
Also, from January 1, 2017, operations to refund kindergarten fees were suspended due to new changes. The exception is persons who, in addition to the return payment, received child benefit every month.
Changes in calculating compensation for kindergarten fees come into force on January 1, 2017. Who is entitled to a refund of money spent on feeding children? What percentage? Where to submit documents for a refund?
Documents for refund of payment for kindergarten
A parent or guardian can contact the authorities responsible for this area of activity - social services. protection or MFC (Multifunctional Center) with a claim for compensation. It is necessary to provide a documentation set to which you need to add data on the family’s financial situation and its income.
List of data to be provided:
- Identity document;
- Child's birth certificate;
- Evidence of other children (when there are older brothers or sisters);
- Paper from the institution where the son or daughter will receive training;
- Document on family composition (must be obtained from the Housing Office);
- For legal representatives who are not parents – a document confirming the decision to transfer custody;
- Data on the financial status of the family for the last three months that preceded the month of filing documents.
Interest accrual terms in 2018
If documents are submitted before the specified date, the calculation of the refund percentage for kindergarten fees will begin from the moment the payment procedure was suspended, that is, from January 1. If an application is submitted after the specified date, money will begin to accrue immediately from the moment the application was made. The refund amount for payment for food in kindergarten will be paid throughout the year (12 months). After this period of time, the documents must be updated.
Do not forget that self-government bodies at the local level have the right to establish additional benefits. Based on this, in different regions of the country the total family income and a number of other informative data may differ slightly. For this reason, it is necessary to contact the structures responsible for this area of activity. Institutional staff will advise applicants and answer questions regarding this topic.
Conclusion
Refunds for kindergarten fees have undergone a number of changes in 2018, but in general the procedure remains the same. There were no changes for preferential categories. The beneficiaries are: children of military personnel, kindergarten workers, disabled people, Chernobyl nuclear power plant liquidators.
