Card file of games for the development of fine motor skills in preschoolers. Didactic games "development of fine motor skills of hands" Games of fine motor skills of hands

One of the most important areas in classes with a child is the development of fine motor skills.

The main assistants in this matter: finger exercises, hand massage, and of course, games.

There are a lot of games for the development of fine motor skills. In this article, I tried to collect those that are easiest to organize and which we enjoyed playing ourselves.

It is important to remember the rule: the smaller the child, the larger the objects with which he plays should be. Everything is small only under your watchful eye.

And one more thing: at any age, we do not use the hydrogel that is popular today - it is really dangerous.

One of the most favorite activities for children is to put something somewhere and get it out. Therefore, sorter toys are so interesting for kids. We take advantage of this interest and offer the following games:

Pushing items. Cut a hole in a suitable container (a jar with a plastic lid, a bottle, a box) and invite the baby to put in there:

counting sticks, matches, cotton swabs, caps from felt-tip pens;
beads, coins, buttons, checkers, chestnuts, beans, pasta.
small lids - in small holes, large - in large ones.

You can stick an image of an animal on the box and feed it. It is clear that the smaller the object, the smaller the hole we make.

Passing the chenille wire(My-shop) into a sieve or bowl from a double boiler.

Games with a spoon, ladle, strainer. These games develop not so much fine motor skills as large ones. But they are very useful, because. contribute to the development of coordination of hand movements. The son could do this for a long time, and even now he loves it.

we shift chestnuts, nuts, containers from kinders with a spoon;
pour cereals, beans;
pour water;
picking things up from the water.

Beat the foam with a whisk.

Also, rather for large motor skills, but a very exciting activity.

Playing with kitchen tongs:

we sort chestnuts, nuts, cones, pebbles, containers from kinder surprises;
We catch objects floating in it from the water.

Remove the staples from the CD.

Or from cardboard. Colors can be sorted by color.

Loosen and screw on the lids. Opening and closing containers.

We put on:

rings from the pyramid, hair ties - on the rod from the pyramid;
drying - on a pencil;
pasta - on skewers. We pre-painted them and at the same time sorted them by color;
caps for markers. It is good to use dried ones so that the child does not get dirty.

Lacing. Laces are of different types. You can buy ready-made (Labyrinth, My-shop).

The smallest ones are suitable for those where you need to put a cord with a hard tip into the holes.

For older kids, we suggest stringing figurines, beads on a cord.

And the most difficult option is to attach the figures to the base using the lacing method:

And you can come up with your own games:

string beads on chenille wire;
cocktail tubes cut into pieces - on a string;
drying - on a rope;
lace up a real shoe.

You can also make your own laces. Suitable for this: thick cardboard, felt, hygroscopic kitchen napkins, large plastic lids. I created in the VKontakte group album "Fine motor skills". In it you will find many ideas for creating laces with your own hands.

For the little ones there is a special large mosaic.

Mosaic is not only laying out patterns. You can play story games. For example:

we offer the child to stick elements of yellow color - plant flowers, red - arrived
butterflies, blue - it started to rain, remove the red ones - the butterflies flew away because of the rain;
we lay out paths for little men, flashlights for the runway;
we feed the birds, sticking "grains", put the testicles in the nest;
we develop logic by playing "continue the series, sequence";
repair or destroy the road. Antoshka himself invented this game. The field is completely lined with large mosaics and suddenly holes begin to form in the ground. Antoshkin's task is to patch them up faster, so that "uncle doesn't fail";
create a drawing using paper templates.

Paper games:

looking for surprises wrapped in paper, napkin, foil;
we hide the treasure by wrapping it;
we tear napkins, newspapers, toilet paper, foil - we make a salute;
we wrinkle paper, making “snowballs” out of it;
unwrapping sweets;
smooth out the crumpled paper.

Playing with tweezers

we play pharmacist - we lay out the “pills” (beans, peas, vitamins) in the cells of the mold for ice, Lego;

feed the bird with pieces of crumpled paper;
we take out the worms with tweezers and feed the chickens. For this game, I sewed the floss to the felt, and cut it off at the back so that it would be interesting for my son to pull the worms out of the ground.

Games with a pipette, syringe:

my young chemist loves to mix paints with a pipette. And he loves to do it in ice cubes.
pour water from one container to another with a syringe.

Match games:

take it out and put it in a box. You can color matches and boxes and sort by color;
push through a small hole;
we stick it into plasticine, making a stalk from a cherry, a fence, a lollipop;
lay out the figures according to the model.

Laying out the pattern from buttons, pebbles, coins, beans.

To do this, you need to draw the contours of the future image. The smaller the child, the easier the drawing. For very young children, offer to lay out the path.

Winding ribbons, ropes, rolling rolls.

Playing with colored buttons:

we cut out a horseshoe from thick cardboard (from the box) and invite the child to insert “carnations” (buttons) into it.
we stick "lanterns" on the runway so that the plane can see where to land.

We also have a Djeco construction set with a cork board and a hammer. Here you need to nail machine parts.

Magnets.

Sticking and sticking. Babies can do this for a very long time. And older children will be interested in magnetic puzzles, mosaics.

Stickers.

Up to two years, we used only reusable stickers (Labyrin t, My-shop). This is very convenient, because very young children often miss or crookedly glue, and are very upset if they cannot remake their idea.

Finger Theatre.

You can do without toys by drawing eyes, a mouth on your fingers, or you can buy one.

It is useful to take such toys with you on a trip, I talked about this in an article. "Toys for the Road".

Massage and ordinary small balls:

squeeze, unclench with palms, between two fingers;
roll on the table with your finger, palm;
we move the ball along the drawn winding path.

Finger games.

This is one of the most beneficial activities for developing fine motor skills.

There are so many finger games that you can write a separate article. Start with Magpie-Forty, and add more over time.

We have a book "Tell verses with your hands" (Labyrinth, My-shop). You read poems, and the child plays them with his hands. At the same time, over time, he himself will learn these verses.

The development of fine motor skills is also helped by:

massage of the palms and fingers;
stencil drawing;
hatching, painting, outlining;
picking out toys from jelly;
putting rubber bands on fingers;
games with hairpins, curlers, fasteners;
small designer;
puzzles;
Velcro games;
labyrinths;
games where you need to stick something, screw it;
glass and ordinary pyramid;
insert frames;
sensory boxes;
businessboard().

Older children are taught to sew, embroider, knit, weave with beads.

This is not the whole list of games. But already, along with those links to which I gave at the beginning of the article, it’s enough not to think about what else to play with the child.

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The advantage of the games below for the development of fine motor skills in children is that they do not require any special toys, manuals, etc. The games use improvised materials that are in any home: clothespins, buttons, beads, cereals, etc.

Games with household items

Take a bright tray.

Scatter any small cereal on a tray in a thin even layer. Run your child's finger over the rump. Get a bright contrasting line. Let the kid draw some chaotic lines himself. Then try to draw some objects together (fence, rain, waves), letters, etc.

A container or bowl filled with some kind of uniform filler (water, sand, various cereals, any small items)

The child puts his hands there and, as it were, mixes the contents. Then he is offered a container with a different filler texture. After several tests, the child, with his eyes closed, lowers his hand into the proposed vessel and tries to guess its contents without feeling its individual elements with his fingers.

Choose buttons of different colors and sizes.

First, lay out the drawing yourself, then ask the baby to do the same on their own. After the child learns to complete the task without your help, invite him to come up with his own versions of the drawings. From a button mosaic, you can lay out a tumbler, a butterfly, a snowman, balls, beads, etc.

Give your child a round hairbrush.

Let him roll it between his palms, saying:

"At the pine, at the fir, the Christmas tree
Very sharp needles.
But even stronger than spruce,
The juniper will prick you."

Get a sink rack (usually it consists of many cells).

The child walks with his index and middle fingers, like legs, along these cells, trying to take steps on each stressed syllable. You can “walk” alternately with one or the other hand, or you can use both at the same time, saying:

"We wandered in the zoo,
Each cell was approached
And they looked at everyone:
Bear cubs, wolf cubs, beavers.

We take a dumpling.

Its surface, as you remember, looks like a honeycomb. The kid with two fingers (index and middle) depicts a bee flying over honeycombs:

"Fingers, like bees, fly over honeycombs
And they enter each one with a check: what is there?
Will there be enough honey for all of us until spring,
To avoid hungry dreams?

Pour 1 kg of peas or beans into the pan.

The child puts his hands in there and depicts how the dough is kneaded, saying:

"Knead, knead the dough,
There is room in the oven.
Will-will be from the oven
Buns and rolls."

Pour dry peas into a mug .

For each stressed syllable, the child transfers the peas one by one to another mug. First with one hand, then with both hands at the same time, alternately with the thumb and middle fingers, thumb and ring finger, thumb and little finger. Any quatrains are chosen.

Pour the peas on a saucer.

The child takes a pea with his thumb and forefinger and holds it with his other fingers (as when picking berries), then he takes the next pea, then another and another - this way he picks up a whole handful. You can do this with one or two hands.

We put two corks from plastic bottles on the table with the thread up.

This is skiing. Index and middle fingers stand in them like legs. We move on "skis", taking a step for each stressed syllable:

"We are skiing, we are racing down the mountain,
We love the fun of the cold winter."

You can try to do the same with both hands at the same time.

The child collects matchesor counting sticks

with the same fingertips of different hands: two index, two middle, etc.

We build a "log house" from matches or counting sticks. The higher and smoother the frame, the better.

Clothespin (check with your fingers that it is not too tight)

alternately "bite" the nail phalanges (from the index to the little finger and back) on the stressed syllables of the verse:

"A silly kitten bites hard,
He thinks it's not a finger, but a mouse. (Change of hands.)
But I'm playing with you baby
And if you bite, I'll tell you: "Shoo!".

We take the rope (thick as the little finger of a child) and tie 12 knots on it.

The child, sorting through the nodes with his fingers, names the month of the year in order for each node. You can make similar devices from beads, buttons, etc.

We pull the rope at the level of the child’s shoulders and give him a few clothespins.

For each stressed syllable, he hooks a clothespin to the rope:

"I'll pinch the clothespins deftly
I'm on my mother's rope."

The child crumples, starting from the corner, a handkerchief (or plastic bag)

so that it all fits in the cam.

Child rolls a walnut between the palms and says:

"I roll my nut,
To become rounder than everyone."

The child holds two walnuts in one hand and rotates them one around the other.

Recognition of figures, numbers or letters, "written" on the right and left hand.

Identification of an object, letters, numbers by touch alternately with the right and left hand. A more complicated option - the child feels the proposed object with one hand, and sketches it with the other hand (with open eyes).

Plasticine molding of geometric shapes, letters, numbers.

For school-age children, modeling not only block letters, but also capital letters. Then the recognition of the stuck together letters with closed eyes.

Starting position - sitting on your knees and on your heels.

The arms are bent at the elbows, the palms are turned forward.

The thumb is opposed to the rest.

At the same time, with both hands, two slaps are made with each finger on the thumb, starting from the second to the fifth and back.

rubber band

For this exercise, you can use an elastic band for hair with a diameter of 4-5 centimeters.

All fingers are inserted into the elastic.

The task is to move the elastic band 360%, first in one direction and then in the other direction, with the movements of all fingers.

It is performed first with one, then with the other handle.

Pencil rolling

between the fingers from the thumb to the little finger and back alternately with each hand.

Multicolored snowflakes (from 4 years old)

The game is aimed at developing fine motor skills of hands, the formation of accuracy.

Materials: felt-tip pens, white paper, scissors.

The host shows how to make snowflakes from sheets of paper by cutting through them.

After the children make many different snowflakes, he says that the snowflakes turned out to be different, but the same color.

Then friends-felt-tip pens came and gave the snowflakes multi-colored dresses.

The host asks the children to color the snowflakes.

Because snowflakes are openwork, it is necessary that the paper be stronger. Painting movements affect the development of fine motor skills of the hands.

Repeat the move
An adult, sitting opposite the child, makes some "figure" with the fingers of his hand (some fingers are bent, some are straightened - any combination).

The child must bring the fingers of his hand to exactly the same position - repeat the "figure".

The task here is complicated by the fact that he still needs to mirror it (after all, an adult is sitting opposite).

If this task causes difficulties for the child, then you can first practice by doing the exercise while sitting next to, and not in front of the child. So it will be easier for him to copy the position of the fingers.

drawing games
If a child has poorly developed fine motor skills and it is difficult for him to learn to write, then you can play games with drawing.

Let's say, race around squares or circles, or move along a maze drawn in advance.

The most interesting thing is when the child draws a maze for the parent, and the parent draws for the child.

And everyone tries to draw more intricately.

Now on sale there are many different stencils of various geometric shapes, animals, but, in principle, they are easy to make by yourself.

It is widely known that it is very important to develop fine motor skills of the baby's hands. Precise, coordinated movements of the hands and fingers are necessary for a child to fully function: to write, draw, dress, and perform many household activities. In addition, scientists have long established that the development of fine motor skills of the hands has a beneficial effect on the child. This is due to the fact that in the brain, the nerve centers responsible for the movements of the fingers and hands are in close proximity to the brain areas responsible for the development of speech. Therefore, when the motor center is stimulated, the speech center begins to activate.

So how do you develop fine motor skills? For this, the following options are used:

games with small objects (with beads, laces, locks, etc.);
accompanied by funny rhymes or songs;
finger massage,

In today's article, I would like to bring to your attention several games with small objects for training the motor skills of the baby's fingers, most of them are easy to do by hand. Games are designed for kids from 1 year old. Watch the second part of the games here:

So let's get started

1. Peel a boiled egg

In my opinion, at the age of 1 year, this activity is one of the best for the development of fine motor skills. Great during this game. "tweezer" or "pinch" grip develops , trains the strength of the fingers. In addition, you don’t need to buy anything special for the lesson, you just need to boil an egg, which is always in the refrigerator.

When I first offered my daughter to clean her testicle, I honestly admit that I was sure that we would not succeed, because she was only a year old! She really did not immediately understand what was required of her, and why even peel the egg, but when I suggested that she put the shells in a small bowl (because at this age she had a real passion for folding and laying out something), the matter immediately began to argue, it acquired meaning for the daughter. Tasia enthusiastically began to clean the testicle, and I had to hold it - at the same time, my daughter was not able to clean and hold the testicle at the same time. Sometimes the shells fell, she carefully picked them up from the table and put them in a bowl. And since the pieces of the shell turned out to be very small, she had to make incredible efforts to capture them. And, it seems to me, she acted at the maximum of her motor skills. Such a long retention of attention and interest on very small objects at this age I observed, perhaps, only in this game.

2. Tear off pieces of adhesive tape glued to the cube

The game is somewhat similar to cleaning an egg. For her, you need to prepare a little and stick strips of adhesive tape on a large cube so that their edges stick out in different directions, and the baby can grab onto them. It will be much more interesting for the child not only to tear off the adhesive tape, but then also to stick it somewhere, so for this purpose, prepare a piece of paper or something similar in advance.

3. Unwrap items wrapped in foil

Wrap some small toy in foil and invite your baby to see who is hiding inside the shiny lump. At the same time, leave a small edge of the foil sticking out so that the crumbs have something to grab on to.

4. Push coinsin the piggy bank

Pushing small coins into a narrow hole is the best way to train motor skills. It is not as easy as it seems at first glance - to direct a coin so that it enters a narrow hole.

5. Choose small items from cereals

I wrote more about this game in, so I will not dwell on it here.

6. Master screw caps and various fasteners: zippers, Velcro, etc.

Important! All classes with small objects must be carried out under the supervision of adults so that the baby does not put any small part into his mouth or nose. After classes, be sure to remove small objects from the reach of the baby.

That's all for now. You can subscribe to new blog articles here: Instagram, In contact with, Facebook. Also, be sure to check out the article where 8 more games for the development of fine motor skills for children from 1 year old are published:

"The origins of abilities and talents

children at their fingertips.

The more confidence in the movements

child's hand, the finer the interaction of the hand

with a tool, harder movement,

the creative element of the child's mind is brighter.

And the more skill in a child's hand,

the smarter the child ... "

V.A. Sukhomlinsky.

It has long been no secret to anyone that the development of fine motor skills (flexibility and accuracy of finger movements) and tactile sensitivity is a powerful stimulus for the development of perception, attention, memory, thinking and speech in children. Children who have better developed fine hand movements have a more developed brain, especially those parts of it that are responsible for speech. The fingers are endowed with a large number of receptors that send impulses to the human central nervous system. Therefore, it is very important to develop fine motor skills in a child from a very early age. But just doing the exercises will be boring for the baby - you need to turn them into interesting and useful games. Along with the development of fine motor skills, memory, attention, and vocabulary of children develop. Fine motor skills of the hands are a variety of movements with fingers and palms.

You can develop the flexibility of the fingers and tactile sensitivity of children by organizing educational games for kids using common household items. The most important thing is that in order to play with a child, we do not need to buy anything, we have everything specially at hand: buttons, jars, tubes, lids, cereals, towels, rags, paper.

The level of development of fine motor skills is one of the indicators of intellectual readiness for learning. Usually a child with a high level of development of fine motor skills is able to reason logically, he has sufficiently developed memory and attention, coherent speech.

The relevance of work on the development of fine motor skills in young children is also due to the age-related psychological and physiological characteristics of children: in early and younger preschool age, the structures and functions of the child's brain develop intensively, which expands its capabilities in understanding the world around. The educator, organizing a variety of activities for children with objects, toys and natural objects, it is important to activate the sensory foundations of cognition in children, to teach kids to use different senses to obtain information about the world around them: sight, hearing, smell, tactile sensations.

Download:

Preview:

"Pears and Apples with a Button"

Target: to exercise children in reinforcing the concepts of “big - small pear”, to teach to fasten and unfasten pears, apples, where the child reinforces the concepts of “one”, “many”, the development of fine motor skills of hands.

Equipment: pictures of apples, pears, threads, buttons, cardboard for tree layout, adhesive tape for "lamination".

Game progress: Let's play "Hurricane" - blowing on a tree and swinging it with one hand, the teacher or child unfastens an apple from it. "Bang! The wind blew the apple away and it fell to the ground. They offer the child to be the wind - to blow, shake the tree, then unfasten the apples.

Preview:

Didactic game: "Feed the bun"

Target: development of fine motor skills and tactile sensitivity.

Equipment: low plastic jars with lids, cereals (beans, peas, buckwheat and others).

Game progress: the teacher tells the children that our Kolobok is hungry and needs to be fed. Children take cereal from a jar and put it in the mouth opening.

Preview:

Didactic game "Grains-notions!"

Target: strengthening and development of fine motor skills of the hands, hand-eye coordination; the formation of the ability to combine by color (when using various cereals).

Equipment: various types of cereals (beans, rice, millet and others).

Game progress: First, it is necessary to pour millet on a tray in an even layer (other cereals are also possible), and then, using red beans (this way the contrasting color stands out better), they come up with and impose different patterns, pictures.

Preview:

"Paint a picture with corks"

Target: develop imagination, creativity of children, fine motor skills of hands.

Equipment: illustrations depicting flowers, an airplane, a Christmas tree, a fly agaric, a cork or a button.

Game progress: the teacher asks to finish the picture with the help of corks or buttons.

Preview:

"Colorful clothespins"

Target : develop fine motor skills, imagination. Expand knowledge about the world around us, Exercise children in the ability to count and count, consolidate knowledge about color. Learn to take and open clothespins correctly, find the location by color. Cultivate an emotional attitude to the results of their work, perseverance, patience.

Equipment: planar image of objects (sun, plane, caterpillar, fish, turnip, beetroot, pineapple, house, hedgehog and others), clothespins.

Game progress: The teacher draws the attention of the children that the artist painted the objects, but forgot to draw some details. Invite the children to help the artist and use clothespins to finish the picture.

And more than once, but about why we do this - no.

I hasten to correct myself and in this article describe why it is necessary to develop the notorious fine motor skills and schedule classesaimed at her workout, with a babydifferent ages.

Why are wedevelop fine motor skills ?

There is an undeniable the relationship between the development of fine motor skills of the baby's hands and the development of his speech. The better motor skills are developed, the better the baby speaks.

The fact is that the impulses emanating from the receptors located in the fingers are able to activate the parts of the brain responsible for the articulation of sounds and the formation of speech in general.

We develop fine motor skills

That is, the better the little fingers work, the more impulses enter the cerebral cortex, and the better and faster the child’s speech develops, the vocabulary is enriched, and the articulation of sounds improves.

In addition to the direct development of speech, fine motor skills also help to improve memory and attention.

Games for the development of fine motor skills of hands are very exciting and useful, and they are very fun and funny to play, so I recommend it to everyone!

Games for the development of fine motor skills

I will give games that are aimed at different ages. We all enjoyed playing.

0-6 months

The child is still quite small, but this does not mean at all that it is impossible to engage with him and develop fine motor skills. The fact is that at this age, the baby has a very developed grasping reflex, and this is where you can build your classes.

We grab, we drag, we try

Show your child a toy. It should be bright and large, able to interest a small researcher. Gently put it in a small hand (for example, a bear's tail or a bunny's ear), let the baby carefully examine it, show him that the toy can be pulled and grabbed.

For example, here is such a bunny 🙂

Next time, offer the baby to grab the toy himself (in this regard, it will be convenient if the toy is either a special developmental one, for example, a pillow with ribbons - it’s convenient to pull on them, or with details that are convenient to grab).

Over time, offer your baby a toy of a different texture and color. So you will help the child to explore the world and for one thing.

Slingobus and knitted toys

Slingobuses can be bought or made by yourself. In addition to developing the attention and vision of the baby, they will also help develop fine motor skills.

Slingbuses

During feeding, the baby will definitely be interested in the bright beads around the mother's neck, he will want to grab and touch them. The surface of the beads is rough and will massage little fingers. The same effect can be expected from knitted toys.

Finger gymnastics and nursery rhymes

Starting from three months with a baby you can do finger exercises . At the beginning, this will take the form of simple tactile communication: the mother should stroke the fingers and palms of the child, while saying the text of funny nursery rhymes and rhymes. Such a massage will provide the baby with the first acquaintance with the outside world, as well as provide psycho-emotional support.

Bags of cereals

At the age of 6 months, you can already start playing with cereals. While in a hidden form - in specially sewn bags. I wrote more about this here.

6-12 months

Finger gymnastics

Finger gymnastics goes to a new level. You can already play with the baby, bending and unbending the fingers, making circular movements, massaging the palms and hands.

Light pressure in the direction from the fingertips to the wrist, stroking the fingers will be much more fun and turn into a whole game if mom at this time says: “This finger went to the forest ...”, “This finger is grandfather ...”, “Boy-finger, where you were…". The well-known "Magpie - white-sided", The duration of classes is 2-3 minutes every day.

Here are our favorite jokes:

Fingers in the forest

Bend all fingers one by one, stroking them from the base to the tips, saying:

This finger went to the forest,

This finger mushroom found

This finger began to clean,

This finger began to fry,

Well, this one took and ate,

That's why he got fat!

Hush hush…

First, bend the fingers one by one:

This finger wants to sleep

This finger went to bed

This finger just took a nap

This finger is already asleep.

This one is fast asleep.

And then we unfold:

Quiet! Quiet! Do not make noise!

The red sun will rise

The clear morning will come.

The birds will chirp

Fingers will rise!

Clothespins

Learning to play with clothespins. We make applications - we attach clothespins to figures previously cut out of cardboard and we get a finished picture (sun, hedgehog, flower). Our applications -