Breastfeeding: Why Is It Important? How Maternal Immunity Protects the Infant Immunity of the Infant Breastfeeding.

On our blog, the topic of breastfeeding has been raised many times. I want to touch on this topic again. The problem is really important because breast milk is the best nutrition for a baby. This has already been proven by many studies by scientists from different countries.
I have already spoken about, for both the mother and the child. Therefore, now I want to tell you about the importance of breastfeeding for health, in particular for the baby's immunity.
There are several types of immunity - natural and artificial immunity. Artificial immunity is achieved by artificial means - vaccines or serums, and we will now talk about natural immunity in more detail.
Natural immunity is immunity to a particular disease, received by the child's body from the mother (placental or congenital), or acquired as a result of a previous disease (post-infectious). Natural immunity lasts for a long time.
It is worth introducing several medical concepts:

Antigens - these are genetically alien organic substances (proteins, nucleoproteins, polysaccharides, etc.). to the introduction of which the body responds with the formation of antibodies or another form of immune response.
Antibodies (immunoglobulins, Ig, Ig) are soluble glycoproteins present in blood serum, tissue fluid or on the cell membrane that recognize and bind antigens. Immunoglobulins are synthesized by B-lymphocytes (plasma cells) in response to foreign substances of a certain structure - antigens. Antibodies are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses. (wikipedia)

The secretion of the mammary gland contains immunoglobulins and associated antibodies to various antigens. For a long time, this function of colostrum and breast milk was not given significant importance, since it was found that natural feeding does not affect the level of antibodies circulating in the blood of the newborn.
The discovery of secretory immunoglobulins forced to reconsider the existing point of view on the immunological function of mother's milk. Numerous immunological and immunochemical studies have shown that the dimeric form (SIgA) is the predominant immunoglobulin in the external secretions washing the surfaces of the mucous membranes of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary tracts. The highest concentration of secretory immunoglobulin IgA is found in colostrum of women - 16 mg / ml. Starting from the 2-3rd day of lactation, the level of immunoglobulins steadily decreases. From the 6th day, it stabilizes, and over the next 8-9 months of lactation, milk contains 1 mg / ml of immunoglobulins. In the first days of natural feeding, up to 1 000 mg of this immunoglobulin enters the child's intestines during the day. Further, although its concentration in the secretion of the mammary gland clearly decreases, it practically does not change in the intestine. This is due to an increase in the frequency of feeding with breast milk and an increase in the volume of its secretion by the mammary gland. When breastfeeding 5-6 times a day, the intestinal mucosa of children of the first months is covered with a layer of immunoglobulins, and most of our immunity, as you know, "lives" in the intestines. In addition, human milk contains immunoglobulins of classes G, M and D, although their concentration is much lower than the concentration of SIgA.
The secret of the mammary gland of women contains antibodies to various antigens: enterobacteria, streptococci and staphylococci, as well as enteroviruses, rotaviruses, which primarily multiply in the intestines, influenza virus and other microorganisms.
Milk and colostrum antibodies bind to the mucin layer covering the epithelium and thereby protect it from foreign antigens.

27.04.2019

The period of gestation and childbirth is a huge stress for the body, associated with constant hormonal changes. The immunity of a nursing mother ensures not only the health of the woman, but also the baby in the first year of life. Good lactation depends on good health.

Signs of a decrease in the body's defenses

Think about how to increase immunity when breastfeeding, it is necessary in the presence of weak resistance.

The reasons for the decrease in the activity of protective mechanisms can be:

• Hormonal changes for prolactin synthesis;
• Birth complications;
• Taking heavy medications, antibiotics during pregnancy or after permission;
• Toxicosis, anemia, other pathological conditions during gestation.

Symptoms of uncoordinated work of the immune system are manifested in:

• Prolonged fatigue, weakness, a constant feeling of increased overwork, even after a long rest;
• Weight loss associated with a lack of appetite;
• Lack of lactation;
• Susceptibility to colds;
• Irritability, depression, apathy;
• Headaches;
• Hereptic eruptions.

How to improve immunity during breastfeeding - the opinions of pediatricians, as well as Dr. Komarovsky, agree that a young mother needs to observe several simple rules to strengthen resistance:

• First, arrange the daily routine: a clearly planned time will allow you to have time to do all the planned things, to devote time to yourself, the newborn in full;
• The second is to get enough sleep, ensuring a full night and an hour and a half sleep is a guarantee of health. When the body is rested, the protective structure is not oppressed by the stressful state, the body and all internal systems are restored after childbirth;
• The third is balanced, balanced diet... Depends on the quality of products and the diet general health... It is necessary to obtain all the nutrients and useful substances for the normal working capacity of the body, for lactation, full-fledged HS
• Fourth - Correct drinking regimen. A nursing mother should consume at least two and a half liters of water in any form, with the exception of soups. Immune decoctions from the fruits of medicinal plants, compotes, fruit drinks will help not only cleanse and strengthen health, but also supplement the baby's nutrition with useful trace elements when breastfeeding;
• Fifth, daily walks in the fresh air should become an integral part of the life of a newborn and a young mother.

Balanced diet

How to improve immunity with HV - eat right.

At the time of feeding the baby with breast milk, in order to improve resistance, it is necessary to follow the principles of proper food intake.

A woman should not adhere to strict mono diets. It is recommended to provide your diet:

• Fermented milk products, cottage cheese with a low fat content - no more than 1%;
• Wholemeal bread, grain. It is better to consume slightly dried out wiped;
• Light meats: veal, turkey, rabbit, beef;
• White fish;
• A large number of vegetables, fruits, herbs;
• Groats: buckwheat, rice, corn, oatmeal;
• Hard cheeses;
• Quail egg, chickens.

The entire menu is designed to meet the daily requirement for proteins, carbohydrates, fats. The need for vitamins is fully compensated: folic, pantothenic, ascorbic acids, group B, D3, A, E, K, mineral salts, fiber and other valuable nutrients.

Any product should be used taking into account the absence or presence of allergies in the newborn.

Mode

How to increase the immunity of a nursing mother - follow the daily routine.

Conditional ranking of time allows you to distribute all the forces and capabilities of the body for the whole day.

Lack of hustle and bustle, haste, attempts to redo everything, alternation of load and relaxation will strengthen health. After all, the equivalence of work, rest, walking can improve overall well-being. Correct use of energy will prevent emotional and physical overload.

Mandatory night and daytime sleep - lack of sleep depresses the immune system, the nervous system, which negatively affects the health of the mother and the newborn. Adequate rest increases the ability of the immune system, allows you to recover internal systems, hormonal compounds are synthesized, including prolactin.

Physical exercise

Rest is necessary to establish hepatitis B and to raise the body's resistance of a nursing mother after childbirth. Especially the first month and a half.

Household chores and work should be increased gradually.

Heavy loads, overly active sports can slow down the recovery of ligaments, tissues, and can provoke complications in the form of displacement or prolapse of the pelvic organs.

Light physical work, gymnastic exercises are able to tone up, strengthen cardiovascular system, muscle tissue, tighten the ligaments.

Fresh air

Oxygen starvation leads not only to problems associated with respiratory diseases, but also reduces resistance.

Walking helps to saturate the blood, improves circulation.

Walking helps to strengthen the heart, the musculoskeletal system, which is very important after pregnancy and childbirth. The activity of the central nervous system is getting better. Good health is restored, immune activity is increased. The body fights infections better.

In addition, the supply of fresh air improves mood, brings mother and child closer.

Medicines

How to strengthen the immunity of a nursing mother with medication. Sometimes diet and lifestyle adjustments are not enough for the body. There are cases of deficiency of immune abilities in which treatment with the use of pharmacological agents is required.

The choice of drugs should be agreed with a pediatrician or therapist, if necessary, undergo a series of examinations. Appointed:

• Vitamin and mineral complexes for women who are breastfeeding;
• Immunostimulating or modulating medicines to enhance immune responses and mechanisms;
• Lacto and bifido bacteria to restore the functions of the gastrointestinal tract, maintain local resistance;
• Herbal medicine - herbal remedies, injections of aloe juice;
• Preparations based on bacteria.

ethnoscience

How to raise the immunity of a nursing mother using traditional methods.

To rapidly increase resistance are used:

• A mixture of honey, lemon, dried apricots, prunes and walnuts;
• Infusions, teas with ginger, rose hips;
• Products for resorption: royal jelly;
• Garlic with juice;
• Echinacea decoction.

All traditional methods of increasing resistance are used for two months, provided that the child does not suffer from allergic reactions and the mother does not have an individual intolerance to the components. Be aware that certain foods and herbs can affect lactation and milk taste.

How to increase the immunity of a nursing mother - reviews show that methods of increasing should be used in a comprehensive manner. Observing the daily routine, diet, do not forget about walks, additional use of vitamin D3 and wet cleaning at home. Avoid stress and get enough sleep.

Not only pregnancy, but also the postpartum period is a test for the mother and her immunity. Female body gives the developing fetus most of useful components, therefore, by the end of 8–9 months, he suffers from vitamin deficiency and a lack of minerals. After the birth of a baby, a mother should deal not only with a new family member, but also with herself, because the longer she forgets about her own health, the higher the likelihood of becoming the owner of a couple of chronic diseases.

Rest and tranquility

Bearing and the very process of having a baby is a huge stress. After discharge, a woman needs normal rest and proper sleep, which she has been deprived of for several months. It is desirable that not only the mother, but also the grandmother, nanny or father sit with the child in the first weeks.

A woman should not put on her own shoulders cooking, cleaning, and caring for the baby. A man is quite capable of frying eggs, washing his own socks and changing diapers. Lack of sleep and constant emotional stress negatively affects women's health, undermines hormones and immunity. The more mom rests, the healthier she is and happier childso don't worry about a messy cup or an uncooked dinner.

Physical exercise

In the first 1-2 months, when the body is recovering from childbirth, doctors recommend refraining from intense exertion. After that, when the stitches heal and the woman gains strength, it is useful to do a little exercise, get acquainted with yoga and more often take a new stroller for a walk in the nearest park. Fresh air strengthens both maternal and child immunity... Mild frosts and cool weather will help temper your baby. And if the mother is worried about the child, then she can transfer him from the stroller to the sling in order to warm him with her own body.

When the baby grows up and learns to hold his head, you can sign up for the pool. Swimming is a double benefit. Mom becomes healthier, because the body is renewed and the natural defense against infections and viruses improves. Her body tightens, and her mood rises with every kilogram lost. The child enjoys water and communication with his mother, plus learns to swim.

With kids from a year and older, you can go to the sea. Sunbathing and special air interspersed with salt strengthen the immune system better than any vitamin complexes.

We support psychological health

Men and an omniscient relative consider postpartum depression a fiction, but it exists and has a significant impact on the health of a young mother. Women who feel overwhelmed, devastated, frightened and confused are encouraged to see a psychologist. The specialist will calm you down and help you get used to the new role.

Constant worry is stress. They suppress the immune system, which is already weakened. If there is no stress, the woman's well-being will improve, and her body will become stronger and will not allow various infections to attack itself.

In the postpartum period, it is necessary to treat exacerbated chronic diseases and new ones acquired during pregnancy. Mom should fill her teeth, restore the intestinal microflora, normalize the function of the liver and kidneys, and a little later examine the hormonal background. Any diseases are foci of inflammation. If not dealt with, they destroy immunity and destroy female body, cause emotional discomfort.

Balanced diet

A pregnant woman is forced to adhere to a diet, because everyone extra kilogram may cause complications during childbirth. The nursing mother is assured that the child's health and the development of his digestive system depend on the diet. Any harmful dish provokes colic or allergies. In fact, a woman's diet practically does not affect the well-being of the baby, only alcohol, nicotine and caffeinated products should be excluded.

Mom in the postpartum period should eat a balanced and varied diet. Recommended are cereals and vegetable soups, dietary meat, beef liver and lean fish, which contain B vitamins, phosphorus and omega-3 acids.

Orange vegetables are recommended: carrots, pumpkin, peppers. You cannot deprive yourself of fruits such as apricots, apples, bananas, pears, plums, watermelons and melons. Be careful with oranges and other citrus fruits. Even a small amount of strawberries will be beneficial.

It is necessary to support the thyroid gland, therefore, herring, hake, capelin, and seaweed should be present in the diet. It is good if there is an opportunity to buy salmon or salmon, shrimp or caviar. A budget source of iodine is seaweed and iodized salt.

Fermented milk products such as cottage cheese, yogurt, fermented baked milk and unsweetened yogurt will restore the intestinal microflora. Sources of vitamin C will be dishes made from sauerkraut and black currant, spinach, sea buckthorn and fresh parsley.

Mom should drink plenty of fluids. Fit plain water, green tea with a spoonful of honey and a slice of lemon, natural juices and special teas. The latter are used to restore immunity during breastfeeding, when it is necessary to protect the mother's body and not harm the baby.

You can make healthy drinks from:

• milk, to which a decoction of fresh cherry leaves is added;
• grated currants and syrup, which is made from honey and water;
• elecampane root (1 part), mixed with rose hips (2 parts), and fir oil, which is added to the finished broth (2 drops per glass);
• oats, which are boiled to a thick consistency, add milk and a little honey.

They trigger the production of antibodies, the main protectors of health, pomegranates, raisins, dried apricots and beetroot juice, cranberries and prunes.

Advice: A woman can consult with her gynecologist and choose a vitamin and mineral complex. An alternative is herbal preparations, which include echinacea, lemongrass, ginseng or licorice.

Motherhood is a real feat and a huge responsibility. And in order to withstand this test, a woman should take care of her own body and immune system, because a child needs not just a beautiful, but a healthy and happy mother.

Video: how to strengthen immunity

The immune system, or immunity (lat. Immunitas - "liberation, deliverance"), is the property of the human body not to perceive (or reject) foreign substances and infectious (transmitted), as well as non-infectious agents. Antigen is a substance foreign to the body that causes the formation of antibodies in the blood and other tissues. In turn, an antibody is a protein formed in the body when a foreign agent enters it, which neutralizes its harmful effect. In other words, human immunity is a kind of natural defense mechanism of our body. It is responsible for two important processes: replacement of used or damaged, aged cells of various organs of our body; protection of the body from the penetration of various kinds of infections - viruses, bacteria, fungi.

When an infection invades the human body, defense systems come into play, the task of which is to ensure the integrity and functionality of all organs and systems. Macrophages, phagocytes, lymphocytes are cells of the immune system, immunoglobulins are proteins that are produced by cells of the immune system and also fight foreign particles.

Depending on the mechanisms that form the body's immunity to disease-causing agents, there are two types of immunity - hereditary and acquired. Hereditary, like other genetic traits, is inherited. The acquired experience is the experience of our body in the fight against infections attacking at every step, it is not inherited, but is formed as a result of the transferred infections. While still in the womb of the mother, we already receive her antigens through the placenta, which means that we are protected by passively acquired immunity. Therefore, newborns for some time remain immune to a number of infections to which the mother is immune.

Normal functioning skin and mucous membranes form the body's first line of defense against bacterial and viral infections. Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that multiply by simple division. They are the causative agents of many infections: cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever, salmonellosis, tuberculosis, whooping cough, tonsillitis, some types of bronchitis, and various skin infections.

Viruses, unlike bacteria, which can adapt to existence in the external environment: water, air, soil, live only in living tissue. That is why scientists have not been able to find them for so long - after all, they cannot be grown in a nutrient medium suitable for the reproduction of bacteria. Viruses actively reproduce only in artificially grown cultures of human and animal tissues. Influenza, encephalitis, measles, smallpox, polio, chickenpox, rubella, yellow fever and many other diseases of viral origin.

Microbes try to enter the body through the air we breathe. However, they are met by elements of mucus in the nose and special cells in the lungs (phagocytes) that devour microbes. In most cases, phagocytes deal with "enemies" in time and take control of the situation. And viruses and bacteria, which prefer to enter the body with food, are neutralized by hydrochloric acid in the stomach and enzymes in the intestines.

The human immune system includes organs capable of producing or accumulating lymphocytes that produce antibodies. These organs are lymph nodes, red bone marrow, thymus gland, lymphoid tissue of the colon and appendix, tonsils, spleen. In almost all women, since during this period the natural mechanism of its suppression turns on. First of all, this applies to cellular immunity. The immune system is very complex and diverse: there is general immunity (blood, lymph contain a huge amount of immune proteins and cells that circulate throughout the body), as well as local tissue immunity in all organs; cellular immunity (lymphocytes, macrophages) and humoral (immunoglobulins - proteins of the immune response). For each microorganism or foreign cell (antigen), unique immunoglobulins (antibodies) of four classes A, E, G, M are produced.

So, while waiting for the baby, the number of T-lymphocytes that remove foreign or their own cells that have viral or other antigens on the surface in the body future mother significantly reduced.

The mysteries of the nature of immunity
The female body, the placenta and the fetus produce special protein factors and substances that inhibit the immune response to the presence of a foreign organism and prevent the embryo from rejection. Although pregnancy is considered a natural process, it is fraught with many mysteries. One of them is that the mother's immune system "tolerates" the presence of a half-foreign fetus in her body. The human embryo receives 50% of the genetic information from the father, which does not coincide with the mother's. The other half of the fetus's proteins are shared by him and his mother. Despite the genetic semi-compatibility, normally not only does the embryo not reject, but on the contrary, especially favorable conditions are created for its development. Paradoxically, the difference between a child and a mother in terms of antigens becomes a signal for the inclusion of mechanisms for maintaining and supporting pregnancy. The more the spouses differ in tissue antigens, the less likely it is to develop problems while carrying the baby.

Factors that reduce immunity after childbirth are:

• general depletion of a woman's body during pregnancy,. For nine months, the organs and systems of the mother have been working at their limit. They do not wear out like the placenta, but require a recovery period;
• hormonal shift, violation. Some hormones produced by the membranes have a pronounced suppressive effect on the immune system. This is human chorionic gonadotropin (pregnancy hormone), placental lactogen. A similar effect is given by glucocorticoids, progesterone and estrogens, which are produced in increasing quantities by the placenta during pregnancy. In addition to hormones, fetoprotein, for example, contributes to the suppression of the immune responses of the mother's body. This protein is produced by the embryonic liver cells;
• loss of blood during childbirth;
• damage to the barrier protective membranes (a wound site that remains in place of the separated placenta in the uterus);
• exacerbation of chronic diseases: they can arise as a result of a general decrease in immunity after childbirth and weaken it even more, attaching other pathologies.
• We should not forget about the psychological factors of decreased immunity after childbirth, such as postpartum apathy, lack of adequate sleep, etc. They are not only causes, but also a consequence of a decrease in immune defense. The physiological decrease in immunity after childbirth is influenced by the fact that the body has yet to mobilize its forces for breastfeeding. In addition, the difficult rhythm of life of a nursing mother of an infant is also a factor in suppressing the immune system.

The consequences of reduced immunity after childbirth

Decreased immunity after childbirth leads to susceptibility to viral infections, exacerbation of chronic diseases, and a tendency to allergic reactions.

Postpartum health: how to boost immunity?

1. From the very beginning, set yourself up: for the good of your baby, you need strength and health. Do not hesitate to ask relatives for help. It is good if someone from your loved ones can help you at first. But if you are deprived of such an opportunity, do not despair. The main thing is to prioritize correctly. Your and your child's health comes first.
2. Even in the maternity hospital, you need to properly organize your meals. Pay special attention to proteins (their deficiency negatively affects the state of immunity). Also take a multivitamin as recommended by your doctor.
3. Adequate sleep is just as important to maintaining health after childbirth as good nutrition. Try to distribute responsibilities so that you can sleep at least eight hours a night. Do not try to have time to redo everything yourself: stress is the enemy of your immunity. It's okay if you don't have time for something. Plan your time so that you feel comfortable. Make it a rule to rest when your child is sleeping. A couple of months after giving birth, you can resume sports, giving preference to gymnastic exercises (it is better to start with light stretching exercises), running in the fresh air and swimming. Over time, you can start hardening procedures. Sports activities will not only provide you with a charge of positive emotions, help you relax and escape from domestic problems - they mobilize the body's defenses.
4. To restore immunity after childbirth, walks in the fresh air are useful. Therefore, walking with your baby, you will also help activate the body's defenses. In addition, bright sunlight has been proven to help not only absorb vitamin D and calcium, but also improve mood and overall well-being.
5. If possible, avoid situations of stress, conflicts in your family: stress and negative emotions depress the immune system. If problems do arise, it is best to consult a specialist psychologist. But to prevent the development of depression, there are enough natural remedies available: relaxing massage, aromatherapy, taking herbal infusions (chamomile, motherwort, mint, valerian have a slight sedative effect). Outdoor games with the child will also help (of course, they will be mobile to a greater extent for the mother who carries the baby, telling him about the environment).
6. Neither you nor a child whose immunity has not yet matured should be in stuffy or smoky rooms, in crowded places, in shops, in transport, especially during periods of seasonal epidemics. After all, the respiratory tract is the gateway for infection to enter our body.

Medicine, of course, does not stand still and offers a choice of many different drugs to increase immunity, but, as in any business, the problem must be solved in a comprehensive manner. With a physiological decrease in immunity after childbirth, in most cases, it is enough to do without medication.

Making an immunogram

If six months have passed since the birth of your baby, and you still feel out of shape: you feel weak, weak, constantly catch a cold, fungal lesions of the skin and nails have appeared, or chronic diseases continue to remind of yourself - you should consult a doctor. The doctor will prescribe the necessary examination. The state of immunity can be judged by a special blood test - an immunogram, in which the components of the immune system are examined. It takes into account the number of cells (leukocytes, macrophages or phagocytes), their percentage and the degree of readiness for the body's defense, as well as the substances that these cells produce. Only a qualified specialist can choose the right strategy for interfering with the immune system.

It is important to remember that in this matter, both your own inattention to the alarming "bells" that your own body gives you and possible self-medication are dangerous, especially if you continue to breastfeed.

The immune system of a nursing mother during the recovery period after childbirth needs additional strengthening. Since the presence of all vitamins, minerals, amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty and organic acids and others important elements, directly determine the physical and mental health of the mother, and through breast milk, beneficial substances reach the baby and strengthen his immunity. Therefore, a strong mother's immunity is important for the growth and development of her baby. If the maternal immune system is weak, babies are not getting the nutrition they need. How to raise the immunity of a nursing mother?

Immunity and breastfeeding

During the period of gestation, the immune system undergoes changes due to restructuring hormonal background, digestive system, local and systemic immune functions. After the birth of the baby, the immune system changes again, rebuilding itself to feed the baby. This, naturally, affects the decrease in the strength of the immune system. This means that during the period of breastfeeding, when most of the substances from the woman's body go into breast milk, additional support is needed for the protective immune system and its replenishment with a large amount of vitamins and minerals.

The immunity of a nursing mother can be strengthened with:

• Good rest and moderate physical activity;
• Special diet;
• Combat stress;
• Long walks with your baby;
• Vitamins and folk remedies.

Rest and activity

The period of bearing a child, childbirth leads to exhaustion and weakening of the body. Therefore, in the postpartum period and during breastfeeding, a young mother needs the most complete rest:

• In order for the body to fully recover, it is necessary to get enough sleep. In addition to nine hours of sleep at night, a daytime rest of at least one and a half hours is required;
• There is no need to strive to redo all household chores at once, it is better to rationally distribute time in order to avoid excessive physical exertion. What is not done today can be done tomorrow;
• Do not overdo it in labor activityto avoid quick fatigue and an even more weakened body.

Physical activity is required to maintain tone and restore immune strength. You need to get in shape by doing gymnastics, visiting the pool or fitness center. But the load must be increased gradually, since sharp loads will lead to an increase in the weakening of the immune system.

Diet

How to increase the immunity of a nursing mother with the help of nutrition - a special diet developed taking into account the needs of the mother's body and maintaining the sufficiency and quality of milk with hv.

The immunity of a nursing mother can be raised:

• A balanced diet: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, microelements are taken into account to ensure adequate nutrition for both the mother and the baby;
• Rational nutrition: intake of all useful substances into the body is provided by a variety of products: fish, meat, vegetables, fruits, dried fruits;
• Healthy food: steamers, stewing, boiling, baking, soups and vegetable and fruit salads are used for cooking, so that the maximum of nutrients is preserved.

But it is worth remembering that to go for walks, you need to dress for the weather, so as not to get cold, wear proper shoes, a hat, both in frost and in the sun. For immunity, especially in the first, it is better not to face the aggressive environment of viruses and bacteria. Therefore, it is preferable to avoid crowded places and choose squares and parks for a walk.

Vitamins for mom

If food, rest and moderate physical activity do not help to increase immunity, mother is constantly sick or feels tired, then you should think about vitamin complexes. Such complexes are designed to maintain and prevent a lack of vitamins and minerals leading to an immunodeficiency state. Before choosing a vitamin complex, it is worth contacting a pediatrician or a therapist, who will undoubtedly help the right choice drug.

The most common vitamins for nursing mothers are:

• Mom is complimenting;
• Vitrum prenatal;
• Elevit;
• other.

All complexes are designed taking into account the daily needs of a nursing mother to strengthen the immune system and provide the baby with the necessary useful components.

Folk remedies

Perfectly boosts immunity ethnoscience... Proceeding from the fact that the mother needs to breastfeed the baby, it is possible to find means to increase the body's defenses that will not harm the baby if it gets to him during breastfeeding.

Before applying folk recipes, it is worth consulting a pediatrician. If the doctor does not mind, and the child does not have an individual intolerance to the components, then you can drink:

• Tea brewed from dried echinacea, which raises the defenses well, improves the activity of the immune system and increases its resistance to disease;
• The broth is an additional source of vitamin C, increases the level of defenses, improves oxygen supply to cells and tissues;
• Infusion of prunes and dried apricots - compensates for the lack of vitamins, mineral salts, increases the resistance of immunity to pathogens, improves the activity of the digestive tract and hematopoietic systems;
• Ginger tea - activates protective immune responses, increases the level of resistance to infections, improves the immune response when a cold occurs.

The main thing when increasing the immunity of a nursing mother is to remember that all the means used to stimulate the immune system should be aimed at improving health. They indirectly, that is, through walks, hardening, baths, or directly through breast milk, affect the health of the baby. Therefore, food should not cause allergies, walks should not be tiring, vitamins and folk remedies should be suitable for use during breastfeeding. After all, the health of the mother is the strength of the present and future immunity of the child.

lori.ru

All human life is a continuous process of studying the world around us. Our immune system is also constantly learning. In order to effectively destroy the enemy, she must know him in person. When an unfamiliar pathogen enters the body, the immune system carefully studies it and the next time it meets it fully armed.

The newborn's immune system begins with blank slate... In order to get stronger and turn into a reliable shield for the body, she needs to "get acquainted" with all microbes and viruses. In the meantime, the first trainings are underway, the child's body protects the "experienced" mother's immunity.

The fetus receives antibodies from the mother through the placenta

This happens for three last months ... Imagine a state that is at war and sends a request for help to two allies. One ally has a hundred thousand strong, battle-hardened army. The other has only a thousand soldiers, and those are mostly recruits. Whose help will be more effective? So it is with immunity.

The amount and types of antibodies the fetus receives depends on the mother's immune status.

For example, if a woman is ill or vaccinated before pregnancy, she can provide protection for the baby. If she was not sick and was not vaccinated, there will be no protection.

Another example is genital herpes. During childbirth (much less often during pregnancy through the placenta), the mother can infect the baby. In a newborn, herpes leads to serious complications, including damage to the nervous system, mental retardation, and death. But if a woman gets sick before pregnancy, the risks are minimal. After all, her immunity has already learned to fight the virus and knows how to protect the baby. Infection on later dates much more dangerous: the immune system of the expectant mother does not have time to "learn" and take action.

Mom's bacteria protect baby after childbirth

When a child is born, it is not obstetricians who meet him first, but bacteria. The microflora of the mother's vagina immediately enters the body of the newborn and begins to populate his intestines.

The gut microbiota has many beneficial functions, one of which is to "train" the immune system. In addition, "own" bacteria protect the territory from "strangers". Thus, during childbirth, the baby receives its first "vaccination".

Antibodies are transmitted in breast milk

It has been proven that breastfed babies suffer from infections less often than artificial ones and recover faster.

There are several types of antibodies, all of which are present in. Most of all immunoglobulins are class A (while immunoglobulins G are transmitted through the placenta). They protect the intestines, because it is through it that harmful microbes often enter the body. Maternal antibodies are selective: they do not affect members of the normal.

When the mother's body encounters new microbes, it quickly produces the necessary immunoglobulins and transfers them to the child.

However, it's not just about antibodies. Breast milk contains all the nutrients necessary for the normal development of a baby's own immunity: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, probiotics. And everything is in perfect proportions.

After six months, the child becomes more independent

When the child receives ready-made antibodies from the mother, this is passive immunization. It only lasts for a while. After birth, the level of maternal antibodies gradually decreases and disappears after 6-12 months.

From now on, the baby's body is left alone with a cruel world filled with pathogens of dangerous diseases. Fortunately, doctors know how to administer childhood immunity through an accelerated and safe "Young Fighter Course" so that he can fight back the worst infections. They are used as simulators. Such immunization is called active, that is, antibodies are produced by the child's body itself, doctors only "teach" him.

In parallel, regular field training takes place. For example, insidious ARVI viruses lurk around every corner. There are about 200 varieties of them, and they are constantly mutating, changing.

With the birth of a child, parents often have a question: does the newborn have innate immunity, and how to increase the resistance of a small organism to evil bacteria and viruses. Today we will consider the features of the immunity of newborns and how to strengthen it.

The fetal immune system is formed at the end of the 5th month of intrauterine development. And although antibodies are still not produced, the protective functions of the child's body are similar to those of adults. In the last weeks of pregnancy, all the necessary antibodies enter the baby's body through the mother's placenta, which will work to protect against viruses for the first six months of a newborn's life. If the little one was born earlier than the due date, this can significantly affect the incidence of diseases in the first months of his life. When a young mother breastfeeds her baby, antibodies from her body continue to support the baby's immunity until his little body learns to do it on its own.

Breast milk and baby's immunity

Many parents believe that breastfeeding is a panacea for any disease of the newborn. The baby really has protection against those diseases that her mother had while carrying a fetus, for example chickenpox or measles. Bacteria and viruses that appear in different seasons are also neutralized by antibodies from the mother's breast. However, those diseases where lymphocyte intervention is necessary can also occur in breastfed babies. Here mother's "defenders" are powerless, because lymphocytes must be produced by their own body.

We share concepts newborn baby and baby... Therefore, the following information is provided on raising and strengthening the immunity of a newborn (up to 4 weeks) and an infant apart.

How to strengthen the immunity of a newborn?

In the early days, parents should be especially worried about the baby's weak immunity.

• Lactation... Some mothers give up and transfer the baby to artificial formula feeding due to low lactation in the first week of the baby's life. This mistake can cost your baby health, therefore, from the first days after the birth process, it is necessary to actively increase lactation. It is with the help breast milk a small child will receive all the necessary protective substances that will cope not only with viruses, but also with allergic reactions. The immunity of a breastfed newborn is significantly higher than that of formula-fed infants.
• Purity... No wonder our grandmothers advised not to show the newborn for the first 30 days after birth. The child's immunity is still weak, and is not able to resist the multitude of bacteria that guests bring with them. Invite your acquaintances to the first meeting with a new family member no earlier than 4 weeks after discharge from the hospital. During the first month, try to ventilate the room in which the newborn is located more often. This will help resist inhalation of dust, which is harmful to local immunity.
• Bathing water... Often the quality of the water supplied to our home through the mains leaves much to be desired. If there is the slightest threat of infection, then boil the water before bathing.

How to increase the immunity of a newborn?

• Vaccinations... Vaccinations against hepatitis B (the first day after birth) and against tuberculosis (in the first week) are mandatory in the first month of life. Do not neglect these means of combating diseases, because it can cost your baby's life.
• Hardening... Start with washing your face, bathing in a tub, and walking in the fresh air. Ventilate the room so that the air temperature does not exceed 23˚. In cold weather, you can open the window 5-7 times a day. At this time, it is better to take the baby to another room. And in the summer, you can not close the windows at all, but you should make sure that the child is not in a draft. For walks, be sure to dress your baby for the weather. The first acquaintance with nature should last no more than 15 minutes, after which the time for walking can be gradually increased. Even changing clothes and the first gymnastics is hardening with fresh air. It is better to start washing your face by the end of the third week of life. First, the water temperature should be at least 28-29˚. Only wash your face, heels and palms of the crumbs.
• Vitamins... To increase the immunity of a newborn, you can use the Multi-Tabs Baby vitamin complex, which is approved for use from the first days of life. It can be easily added to milk or drunk from a spoon, because it tastes quite pleasant. Its reception does not cause objections in newborns.

How to strengthen the immunity of a baby?

After a month and up to six months, the amount of mother's antibodies gradually decreases in the child's body and the formation of its own begins. In order to strengthen immunity during this period, you must adhere to the following tips.

• Infant nutritional regulation... The child continues to receive most of the beneficial substances that increase immunity from the mother. Breastfeeding in order to strengthen the immune system remains a priority for children from 1 to 1.5 years old. At the age of 8 months, it is advisable to introduce fermented milk products into the child's diet, because increased immunity is closely related to the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Get enough sleep... Lack of normal long-term sleep can lead to a weakening of the body's defenses. Therefore, it is important that the baby sleeps at least 12 hours a day. Sleep time decreases with age.
• Elimination of overheating... Young mothers should remember that there should be one more layers of clothing on the child than on herself. You should not wrap up the baby in all the clothes that exist in the house, this will not preserve health, but only weaken it.

How to increase the immunity of an infant?

• Outdoor games... It's simple and easy way hardening with air, which gives good results in the fight against viruses and bacteria. Besides, in summer days you can put a bath or pool on the street and take water proceduresthat have a beneficial effect on the body's resistance to disease.
• Fighting the temperature... When our child is sick, we strive to alleviate his suffering in some way: we rub the sore throat, wash out the nose with it and bring down the exhausting temperature. but elevated temperature body - a protective reaction to a virus that has settled in the baby's body. This is a sure sign that the child's body is fighting a cold. Doctors do not recommend bringing down the temperature below 38˚.
• Harmful antibiotics and immunostimulants... Modern medicine provides a wide range of virus-fighting drugs. These include antibiotics. But excessive enthusiasm for them can play a bad joke in increasing the child's body's resistance to disease. Do not give antibiotics to a child without a doctor's prescription, as they are harmful to the immune system. The same rules apply to immunostimulants, which temporarily replace the work of the immune system, and then only exacerbate the problem.
• Vitamins... During a period of high morbidity, you can help little child avoid illness with vitamins. Parents should pay attention to special vitamin complexes to increase immunity in children under one year old, such as: Aquadetrim, Polivit Baby, Kinder Biovital gel.

After 1 year, children's own immunity begins to work in full force, and there are many more ways to strengthen it.

Komarovsky about immunity

How do you take care of your baby's immunity? Do you have additional tips and tricks?