1. KANZASHI FOR MODERN NEEDLEWORKERS. THE ART OF MAKING FLOWERS FROM RIBBONS

As we already talked about in the previous article about kanzashi , the technique of making delicate flowers from fabric originated in Japan about 500 years ago and was in great demand among geishas. Crafts in the form of individual buds, branches with flowers, bouquets and other original compositions adorned the popular at that time hairpins for intricate Japanese hairstyles.

But kanzashi flowers have not lost their popularity among modern women from different countries. Today our needlewomen also make exquisite flowers from pieces satin ribbons in the form of individual buds, whimsical compositions, roses with intricate petals.

In this material you will find video master classes and step by step lessons with photos for beginners, with the help of which you will quickly learn how to make sharp and round petals with your own hands, as well as whole flowers from satin ribbon.

Not always the first crafts created by beginners from pieces of ribbon , they immediately turn out beautiful and neat. In order to correctly connect the petals to each other and form a symmetrical flower or an even bud, you need to get a little used to your hand. But if you show patience and desire to create original craft kanzashi for an accessory that decorates a hairstyle, then be sure to learn how to make the most different compositions for hairpins , hairpins, elastic bands. And annoying flaws and defects can be easily hidden using thin braid, silk thread or beads.

Many experienced craftsmen those who make flowers using the kanzashi technique often spend a long time examining the structure of a living flower so that the created crafts correspond as closely as possible to the natural original. Perhaps you will also like to make beautiful women's hair accessories and this hobby will develop into an exciting hobby for many years. It remains to add that some famous fashion designers and interior designers often use kanzashi products to decorate their works.

2. WHAT TOOLS AND MATERIALS ARE FREQUENTLY USED FOR MAKING KANZASHI PETALS

√ Materials: satin ribbon (or other types of fabric - satin, silk, organza, from which you can cut neat strips to create petals), pateika, beads, seed beads.

√ Tools: sharp scissors, pencil and ruler (for marking), soldering iron (can replace candles), lighter, “Moment-gel” (or glue gun), long tweezers.

You can cut the tape into pieces using a soldering iron, placing an unnecessary cutting board under it. You can also use chopping scissors. We will use them to form the outline of the petal according to the markings;

Use transparent glue so that there are no stains left after joining the parts of the craft;

You can burn petals cut from ribbon using either a candle or a lighter;

We need tweezers to twist the petals to give them the desired shape at the time of heat treatment over the candles.

3. HOW TO MAKE A SPICY KANZASHI PETALE. INSTRUCTIONS AND MASTER CLASS FOR BEGINNERS

General principle making a flower in this Japanese technology consists of the following: cut even pieces - petals - from satin ribbon or fabric. They must be twisted in a certain way and connected to each other in the form of a kanzashi flower. The petals can be sewn or glued to each other. Finished crafts must be attached to a hairpin or any other hair accessory.

There are 2 classic petal shapes for forming a kanzashi flower - sharp (narrow) and round.

How to properly roll narrow petals for a flower from pieces of ribbon?

cut equal squares of 6 by 6 cm from the tape (focus on the width of the tape). The more petals, the more voluminous it will be a flower collected from them ;

We form triangular-shaped modules from squares. To do this, use tweezers to roll an equilateral triangle. Fold from above, apply the right corner to the left corner, then fold the workpiece again. Align the fold lines;

We trim the edges of the workpiece, cutting off the ends with scissors. Now you need to take the triangle with tweezers and, holding the edges, quickly move it over the candle flame. This action will help melt and seal the edges;

Sharp kanzashi petals can be made from ribbon different ways. Let's look at 4 ways you can make beautiful one-color and two-color fabric flower petals :

Using this principle, we form each sharp petal for a flower.

4. HOW TO MAKE A ROUND KANZASHI PETA. INSTRUCTIONS AND MASTER CLASS WITH PHOTO FOR BEGINNERS

roll up a piece of tape square shape into an equilateral triangle. In the middle we assemble the sides, towards the bottom corner;

Folds are formed on the sides and top. Now you need to pull the side corners back. The edges should be evenly folded. Carefully trim all the ends with scissors;

The edges must be burned and glued together, pressing with your fingers. WITH reverse side add a drop of transparent glue;

Lesson with photos for beginners. With this MK you can make with your own hands several options for round petals using the kanzashi technique:


We form the required number of petals from the ribbon.

5. HOW TO COLLECT A KANZASHI FLOWER FROM SHARP AND ROUND PETALS

◘ How to do

Kanzashi petals made of satin ribbons (photo)

Kanzashi petals made of satin ribbons (photo)

Surely, you have more than once come across types of products using the kanzashi technique that decorate accessories, clothes and hairstyles. This traditional handicraft came to us from distant Japan and has taken a worthy place in the hearts of craftswomen. Now Kanzashi products are used in different directions.
Before you do beautiful flower any shape or with a curl, you need to master the knowledge of how to make kanzashi leaves and kanzashi petals. This master class(mk), which is also suitable for beginners, will clearly show you new ideas and types that can be done with your own hands.

Required material

In order to properly make leaves from ribbons with your own hands, you need to select the necessary accessories:

• several shades of satin basma;
• ruler;
• a simple pencil;
• small scissors;
• flame of a candle or matches;
• glue;
• tweezers;
• needle and thread;
• beads for decoration.

We will look at several ways to create a kanzashi petal from satin ribbons. There are only two of them, these are round and pointed petals. From these, we will make an elegant flower with our own hands.

Making a narrow petal from ribbons

Prepare all new materials on your workbench. We start by cutting the satin ribbons into small squares. We should have seven pieces of yellow and five pieces of emerald color.


If you feel uncomfortable picking up the flap with your fingers, use tweezers. Fold the piece of tape so that the fold is at the top, as in the photo.


Connect the right corner to the left.


Do this action again. Align the folds.


Using small scissors, trim the ends as shown in the photo.




Scorch this edge with fire; we do such manipulations very quickly so as not to burn our future petal for beginners.
Also pour fire over the edges that are located below. This is not done for gluing, but to prevent the threads from fraying.




Look at the photo, such a blank should work for you too.


In exactly the same way, we create subsequent elements.
In order to learn in detail the technology and types of creating kanzashi petal, you can study the video master class (mk) on our portal.

Video: Making a narrow petal

Round petal using kanzashi technique

Kanzashi round petal is made step by step, almost the same as in the previous master class.
Fold the yellow flap in half.


Attach the ends that are located on the sides to the bottom. You will get all the side folds, as in the photo.


Pull the edges back and make sure they are even.


Trim the edges and scorch with fire.
The edge located below is also removed and burned. In this case, we not only singe the edges, but also glue them together. While the cut is still hot, press the ends together with tweezers.






This is the inverted petal we have, look at it from both sides.




The photo shows the blanks that are obtained as a result of our work. This means the master class (mk) is going well and what we do with our own hands works out. A detailed lesson and master class can be viewed in the video.

Video: Round petal master class

Assembling a flower from different petals

Now all our blanks from satin ribbons, which we made with our own hands, need to be put together.
Pick up petals, yellow
on a thread.


Build such a product.


From thick cardboard, you need to cut out a small circle. Place it on the fabric, while covering it with textile glue.
After tucking in the ends, glue the tape onto the cardboard. Wait until this element dries and re-soak it again.




Glue the stitched flower to our element.


While the textile glue dries, you can straighten the round kanzashi petals with your own hands. Our master class (mk) continues. Let's start making the craft further. Look what happens after we made the inverted petal.


Take a green kanzashi petal and drop a drop of glue on it.


Attach the next sharp petal to it.


We make sharp petals in two pairs, two in each pair.


We soak another sharp petal with glue and attach it between the two primary crafts.




Using exactly the same steps, we attach three things to the double petal.
The photo shows a twig and sharp petals on it.


Place a drop of glue on the twig.


Attach it between the round yellow petals.
The core of the flower can be decorated with any decorative material, such as a bead or rhinestones. This master class (mk) is also completed, you can watch it on the video located on our portal.




These petals are useful as decoration for any accessory.

Kanzashi petals with curl

Our small master class will show you how to make a sharp petal with a curl. We will need not much material, namely:

• pink and black satin ribbon;
• glue;
• scissors and tweezers;
• fire from a candle or lighter.

You need to cut the satin ribbons into small squares; this procedure will be clear even for beginners. Their size will be equal to five centimeters.


Fold the piece of tape in half to create a triangle. Then roll it up one more time.




Do the same with the black color of the workpiece. Place one element inside the other so that the pink piece is inside the black one.


Using tweezers, wrap the end of the triangle into the middle, grabbing two colors of ribbon at once.


Connect the edges of the product together. And the top different colors, spread to the sides.


Cut off the excess edge and scorch it with a flame of fire. Thus, we got an interesting petal with a curl in the middle.

Such sharp petals with a curl will turn an ordinary headband or headband into an exquisite evening accessory. This kanzashi technique is becoming more and more popular among all fashionistas who prefer things made with their own hands. These flowers are also used to make hairpins and brooches that adorn beauties. It is important, before starting work, to watch videos of some types of petals that other needlewomen make in order to decide what kind of accessory you want to make.

Video: Petals with curls

Women always love to transform themselves with various jewelry and accessories. Such products lift your spirits and give instant pleasure. But happiness doubles if such little things are created with your own hands. Jewelry made using the technique looks really beautiful. Let's look at what this kind of needlework is. This technique was invented in distant Japan. The history of the origin of kanzashi is represented by a whole area of ​​​​manufacturing a variety of crafts from satin ribbons and decorative materials. According to historical data, geishas began making beautiful things with their own hands, who performed hairstyles with the addition of satin ribbons made by them.

IN modern world, the technique of creating kanzashi and the resulting types of jewelry from it, have received incredibly great success among needlewomen. They create them on top level, and in the end you get a wonderful accessory that can decorate not only your hairstyle, but also your festive and casual clothes. Such unique products can be used to decorate the interior for a celebration or holiday, be it New Year, then the kanzashi or Easter technique will suit you. For little fashionistas, you can make a hat or.

Learning to make petals different types, you can easily make a lush peony flower or a beautiful graceful one.

The presented master class, consisting of several options, will show you how kanzashi petals are made different shapes, consisting of satin ribbons. You can create with your own hands a beautiful flower that can become an integral part of any decoration. Photos from step by step instructions different types of work, as well as videos, will help you understand all stages of the work.

Before you go to a store with a specialized area, namely, selling materials for creating your own jewelry in the style of kanzashi, you need to decide what you want to do and what materials will really suit you. For beginners, we can recommend the following list:

Round petal

This master class (mk) will show in detail how to make a kanzashi round petal, with the help of which graceful flowers are created, and not only them. For beginners, the presented master class (mk) is also suitable.

The process of creating petals starts basically the same. First of all, satin ribbons are cut, the scale of which is 5 centimeters. The wider you take the ribbon, the larger the flower's petal will be. Cut the material into squares and fold each piece diagonally, making sure that the corners are as equal as possible.

Lower the corners that are on top towards those that are on the bottom. The photo shows the process.

Then, the corners are wrapped and held with tweezers or fingers. Depends on what is more convenient for you to work with.

The round kanzashi petals are almost done, the photo shows the shape that should be obtained. Also shown is a view of the petal from the back and front.

Here's another way to make a rounded petal. Let's try this option. Fold the ribbon square diagonally. Such actions are shown in the master class that was done before. The lower edge is cut and singed with a flame of fire.

Then, bend the side ends back, and you will get a petal of a slightly different shape. For beginners, this method of creation is primarily suitable. In the video you can see how such a master class is done.

Video: Master class on creating a round petal

Making a sharp petal with your own hands

In addition to round petals, in the kanzashi style, there are other types. For example, with a pointed tip. From such a petal you can decorate Christmas tree balls or make a Christmas tree from satin ribbons. Here is a master class that will show how you can do it yourself.

Squares are cut from the tape, the scale of which will be equal to six centimeters, and then they should be folded into triangles.

The resulting figure is doubled. The angles at this moment must coincide with each other. Now, fold this element again and cut off its lower part. The result obtained can be recorded with the fire of matches.

The sharp petal will turn out inverted if you do it along its entire length, then the technique will be correct.

The next master class will show how to do a different option sharp petal. The tape is cut as it was done in the previous master class. The corners are folded as shown in the photo. Fold this element again and cut the fabric located below, making sure to seal it with fire. The sharp petal is shaped like the one shown in the photo.

Another small master class, designed for beginners. The tape is folded diagonally, and its ends are joined together, then cut and sealed with a candle flame at the bottom. Such a sharp petal is shown from the front and back. And in the video, you can watch the whole process step by step.

Video: Tutorials on creating a sharp petal

Assembling a flower from petals of various shapes

The next master class will be of interest to those who want to learn how to assemble a kanzashi flower, which can subsequently decorate any hairpin or headband. This lesson is designed for beginners, so it won’t be too difficult to do it yourself. You will need a small list of materials, and more specifically:

• new satin ribbons, any color you like, including white;
• glue gun;
• matches or lighter;
• scissors with tweezers;
• needle and thread;
• decorative material that will decorate the product;
• pin.

The ribbons are cut into squares, seven pieces of each color, their width should be five centimeters. Take one of the squares and fold it diagonally, and then double it again. Pierce the resulting result with a pin to secure it.

An element of a different shade, wrapped in the same way as the previous square. The resulting kanzashi petal is placed on top of the red one and folded in half. We cut off the excess edges with scissors and process them with fire. As a result, we got a double sharp element.

From the remaining cuts, the remaining petals are made, of which there should be six pieces in total. The resulting petals are strung on a thread and pulled together into a circle. Now, the first flower has turned out. By cutting the white ribbon into square pieces, make a sharp petal, which you also connect into a flower.

From the green ribbon, make a sharp petal, but already turned inside out. It is also folded, then cut and processed with a candle, with further fastening of the edges.

The master class (mk) is coming to an end, your task is to connect all the elements together and decorate them with decorative material. On the first flower, we add a white one made by ourselves, and on the sides we attach emerald petals. The hairband decorated with kanzashi flowers is ready!

Petal with curl

The next master class (mk) presented will show how to make kanzashi petals with a curl. For this, the following list of accessories will be useful:

• pink and black ribbon;
• glue gun;
• scissors, tweezers;
• matches.

As always, first of all, the tape is cut into square shapes. The size is 5 cm. Fold the cut diagonally to form a triangle. Now, roll the workpiece again. Such manipulations are also carried out with black tape. Fold the future petals so that the black is on top of the pink.

In order to form a petal with a curl, use tweezers to wrap the tip of the triangle inward, grabbing two elements at once. The edges of the tapes are connected together, and the upper part is spread apart. Cut off the excess material from the curled petal and scorch it with fire. This simple master class is completed, and you have a petal with a curl in the center. In the presented video, you can see a detailed version of the technology.

A little advice for beginners so that your work has beautiful views, don't take on work on complex master classes. At first, it will be enough for you to repeat simple lessons so that your skills become permanent. Find a simple version of kanzashi for yourself and try to repeat it flawlessly. After performing such manipulations several times, you can move on to more complex levels.

Video: How to make a petal with a curl

The beauty and grace of these amazing stilettos from Japan is mesmerizing. However, you don’t have to go to the Land of the Rising Sun or buy them at auctions. You are quite capable of making such beauty at home, because this beauty, in fact, consists of simple petals. The master class below is dedicated to kanzashi petals.

How to make kanzashi petals?

For work we will need:

1. fabric or silk ribbons of different widths. The latter is preferable for beginners: they are easier to work with.
   glue. A hot gun is better for the same reason - it’s easier for a beginner to work with.
2. thick cardboard for the base. As a rule, these are simple circles with a diameter of 1.5-1.8 cm.
3. needle and thread. We will collect petals on it. If you are confident in your abilities, then you can immediately glue it to the base.
4. lighter or candle. It will be needed to singe the edges of fraying artificial fabrics.
5. tweezers with thin “legs”. Not necessary, but they are easier to fold the fabric with than just your fingers. And it’s safer to singe the edges by holding the kanzashi petal with tweezers.
6. ruler (to measure straight pieces of ribbons and fabric), tailor's pins (to secure workpieces), sharp scissors.
7. center decoration

Fabric or ribbons must be cut into even squares. In my personal experience I noticed that the smoother the edge, the easier it will be to fold and the neater the petal will be.

The general "theory" of folding is somewhat reminiscent of traditional origami. The base is a rectangular “sheet” of fabric folded in half diagonally, then in half again, and again in half diagonally. It turns out to be a kind of triangular “book” with three pages. This blank is suitable for any of the following types of petals.

Types of kanzashi petals: round, pointed and petals with curls

In the traditional folding technique there is only 3 types of petal: round, round with a central fold, or "sakura", cherry petal and sharp. From these three types, Japanese craftsmen create all the variety of these beautiful hairpins.

In my works, in addition to these three, I also use some modern views kanzashi petals, which are more likely to belong to “flower making” than to real hana tsumami kanzashi. Their main difference is the presence of additional folds in the middle, or simply a slightly different shape of the petal itself.

Such deviations from the classical tradition do not find support in Japan itself. However, in our country they are very common among needlewomen.

So, let's look at the basic principles of creation and application options for the main types of petals.

Round kanzashi petal

This is the first most popular and traditional petal. Its rounded, soft shape allows you to create pins reminiscent of peonies or the flowers of a young apple tree. They are very often used to create multi-tiered compositions. They look best when creating multi-layered, double, triple or more petals.

To fold it, we take our blank folded in three and bend one of the leaves of the “book” back, towards the tip of the petal. We straighten the upper arc and carefully secure the tip with glue or singe it with a lighter.

To make the finished element look as natural and gentle as possible:

• Firstly, I use only natural fabrics. They are more difficult to work with, but they give the most “rounded” and natural effect.
• Secondly, the size of the original square rarely exceeds 5 cm. More often it ranges from 3.5 to 4 cm.
• Thirdly, when working with artificial fabrics and ribbons, I singe the very tip, no more than 2-3 mm. blanks.

Round double petals kanzashi

The “layered” round petal looks more interesting. I use it to make larger, heavier brooches, where there is only one such flower. In general, the double petal of kanzashi allows you to play with both color and the “fullness” of shape. This is its beauty.

For this we need to slightly change the process of creating the original “little book”. Prepare squares in advance, the size of which will be slightly different from each other: the closer to the center, the smaller. I recommend taking steps of 3-5 mm, depending on the type of fabric and the number of layers. But with a double petal, the squares can be the same.

Fold both blanks in half diagonally, place them on top of each other in the order in which the color is supposed to change. Next, follow the instructions for creating a traditional round petal.

Spicy kanzashi petal

The second traditional petal, used in the ancestral tradition. It is used mainly to create flower leaves; it is used to create “greenery” around the “bud”. As a petal, it is used to imitate aster, holly, spruce legs, etc. cases.

To create such a petal, you just need to take and fasten the leaves of our book. The little book is a traditional, sharp petal.

Double pointed petal

Layered sharp petals look no less interesting than round ones. Here you can also play with color transitions and fullness.

It is folded according to the same principle as a round one: squares folded diagonally are placed on top of each other in the required order and then folded in half two more times.

Kanzashi petal with curl

My attitude towards this form is very ambiguous. It is neither classical nor neoclassical. It's more like flower making. But oh well. We will make it like this.

We take the blank, our little book, and carefully roll the inner “page” into a tube. To secure it, you can drop a little glue onto the tip of the tube, and also trim the tip of such a petal a little more and glue it together.

Narrow petal kanazashi

This is a variation of the sharp petal: take the sharp petal blank and cut off the required size from the bottom edge. The petal seems to acquire a certain “sediment”, by varying which you can create very interesting effects.
I use this technique to create zigzag heights in flowers and leaves. In addition, this allows you to nest ready-made petals into each other, in layers, without the hassle of folding.

Flat petal

And this is a variation of the already round kanzashi petal in a flat form. To perform it, you will need to wrap the “legs” of the finished petal inside. The workpiece acquires a “slump” and a flatter profile.

Of course, you can trim the legs, as in the case of a narrow petal, but then you will end up with large and extensive holes on the sides. If they are beneficial to you, go for it.

You may have already seen amazing hair and clothing decorations made from silk flowers. This beauty has a name - KANZASHI TSUMAMI.

Hairpins and combs are traditionally used in Japanese hairstyles, but nowadays jewelry using the Kanzashi technique has gained its popularity far beyond Japan. The so-called “kanzashkas” now serve not only as hair decorations, they are used to make brooches, use them as interior decoration, etc.

Candlesticks using Kanzashi technique

Box using Kanzashi technique

If you figure out how to do Kanzashi, it becomes clear that it is not at all difficult.

Materials and tools

In order to make products using the Kanzashi technique, you will need the following materials and equipment:

You can cut fabric or ribbons with scissors or with a soldering iron. To do this, we need a surface on which to cut. It could be an old unnecessary kitchen board, but I preferred ordinary wall tiles (left over after renovation), the soldering iron does not burn them and they are easier to clean. Some petals can be burned with a candle or lighter.

It is better to use glue that is thick and transparent so that it does not leave marks after drying. I opted for “Moment-gel”: transparent, does not flow, adheres well.

Many people advise using tweezers when rolling petals.
I use tweezers when burning fabric over a candle.

• satin ribbons of any size, optimally 5 cm and 2.5 cm, but you can take any fabric: silk, satin, organza, etc.
• ruler
• pencil or chalk for marking even squares
• scissors (any kind, as long as they are sharp)
• lighter and candle or soldering iron (if you know how to use it)
• Moment-gel glue or hot glue gun
• tweezers (preferably long)
• long and thin needle
• strong thread (for example, monofilament)
• beads, sequins and all sorts of beautiful little things

I think over time you will decide for yourself how and what is more convenient for you to work.

Types of Kanzashi petals

The Kanzashi technique is as follows: many small even squares of fabric are folded in a certain way and assembled into a flower. The petals themselves are sewn or glued together.

No matter how strange it may sound, there are only 2 types of kanzashi petals: round and narrow, and the rest is up to your imagination.

Using this flower as an example, we will learn how to fold narrow and round petals:

Narrow kanzashi petal - master class

We use the same materials and tools as listed above.

Using a soldering iron or scissors, cut into even squares. I have a satin ribbon 5 cm wide, which means the squares are 5 by 5 cm. Their number depends on the size of the flower that you will collect. There are 7 yellow and 5 green.

It is often recommended to roll the leaves using tweezers. To be honest, I find it more comfortable with my fingers, but this is what you prefer.

Fold it into an even triangle. The fold itself is at the top.

We apply the right corner of the triangle to the left.

And fold it again in the same way, from right to left. Align the folds.

Trim the ends of the fabric evenly:

And we burn it a little over a candle, fastening the edges at the same time. This is done like this: holding the edges with tweezers, quickly move the petal over the flame.

It is better to burn at the very bottom of the fire, then the fabric will melt and not burn.

We also cut off the lower edges and melt them. Here you can not glue them together, but simply melt the fabric so that it does not crumble.

Here's what we got:

Back view

Using the same principle, we roll up the remaining green leaves.

For clarity, watch a video master class on narrow Kanzashi petals:

Front view

Round kanzashi petal - master class

We fold the yellow square into a triangle.

Now we collect the side edges in the middle, towards the bottom corner. The folds are made from the top and sides.

We move the side corners back, checking that the edges are folded evenly.

We also cut off the ends and melt them.

We also trim the bottom edge evenly and melt it.

Only here the edges must be burned and be sure to be glued together.
While the fabric is warm, I simply pinch the edges with my fingers.

This is what we got. From this side, drip a little glue inward and glue the sheet together.

Back view

Front view

These are the blanks we got. Here you can clearly see where the yellow petals stick together.

In the video master class you can watch again how round petals are made, and also learn how to assemble beautiful rubber bands for hair:

How to make kanzashi flowers

Let's start collecting kanzashi flowers. We string the yellow petals onto a needle and thread. I prefer monofilament because it is not visible.

And we tie it into a flower like this:

We cut out circles from cardboard and tape, place a cardboard circle on the tape, and generously coat it with glue.

And, tucking the edges, glue the fabric to the paper. Let the glue dry a little and coat the surface with glue again.

Then we glue the blank to the flower from the back side.

Here it is better to use glue rather than a glue gun. Since our flower is voluminous, it is very difficult to glue it evenly right away. And while the glue dries, you can adjust the leaves to make it even. WITH glue gun This is difficult to do - the glue hardens very quickly and it is quite problematic to peel it back.

Here's what we got:

Apply glue to the tip of the green leaf (here I use a glue gun)

And connect it with the second leaf.

We make two double leaves.

We also lubricate the single leaf with glue and glue it between the two already connected leaves.

In the same way, we glue three leaves to the double one.

This is what the branch should look like:

Lubricate the tip of the twig with glue

And glue it between the leaves of the flower.

Glue a bead or rhinestone into the center of the flower.

This kanzashi flower can be used to decorate a brooch, a hairpin, or a hair tie. And if you get a little creative, you can create a lot from the 2 simplest kanzashi petals!

Categories